KnE Social Sciences

Published date: Oct 31 2025

Journal Title: KnE Social Sciences

Issue title: The 8th Legal International Conference and Studies (LICS 2025): Corporate Responsibility and Environmental Law Through Economic & Business Management Practices

Pages: 270 - 283

DOI: 10.18502/kss.v10i27.20067

Nanang Sri Darmadinanang@unissula.ac.idFaculty of Law, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA), Semarang

This paper examines the recognition and regulation of the economic, social, and cultural rights (ECOSOC) of indigenous peoples (MHA) in the Indonesian constitution, specifically the 1945 Constitution. The main focus is directed at articles such as Article 18B paragraph (2), 28G, 28H, 28I, and 33 paragraph (3), and their relationship to international instruments such as the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) and the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP). The research approach used is normative juridical with a qualitative descriptive analysis method of primary and secondary legal materials. The findings show that although the constitution has provided a strong foundation for the recognition of MHA rights, its implementation is still hampered by inconsistent sectoral regulations, such as the Mining Law, the Forestry Law, and the Job Creation Law. Case studies such as the MIFEE project in Papua and the agrarian conflict in West Sumatra show the inequality of legal protection in the field. Constitutional Court Decision No. 35/PUU-X/2012 is an important milestone but is not strong enough due to the multi-interpretable phrase “as long as it is alive.” This research encourages revision of sectoral laws, strengthening of the legal standing of MHA, and harmonization between national laws and international human rights principles to realize ecological and social justice.

Keywords: communities, customary, economic, human rights, social

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