KnE Life Sciences

Published date: Aug 12 2025

Journal Title: KnE Life Sciences

Issue title: The 6th International Conference on Technology, Education, and Social Science (6th ICTESS): Science and Technology

Pages: 95 - 110

DOI: 10.18502/kls.v9i1.19353

Sri Budi Wahjuningsihsribudiwahjuningsih5678@gmail.comFaculty of Agricultural Technology, Semarang University, Jl. Soekarno Hatta, Semarang, Central Java

Y. MarsonoDepartment of Food and Agricultural Products Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology Jl. Flora No 1 Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281 Gadjah Mada University (UGM)

Danar PraseptianggaGraduate School Program of Sebelas Maret University (UNS), Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A Kentingan, Surakarta 57126, Central Java

Bambang HaryantoAgency for the Assessment and Application of Technology Gedung BPPT II Lantai 15Jl. M.H Thamrin No. 8 Jakarta Pusat

Mita Nurul AzkiaFaculty of Agricultural Technology, Semarang University, Jl. Soekarno Hatta, Semarang, Central Java

Resistant starch is known to reduce blood glucose levels. Analogue rice formulated from sago starch and red bean flour has been reported to contain high levels of resistant starch. This study evaluated the hypoglycemic effects and mechanisms of such rice in diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin-nicotinamide (STZ-NA). Thirty-five male Wistar rats were divided into five groups with specific diets: a healthy control group (KS) fed standard feed, and diabetic groups fed standard feed (DSTD), boiled rice (DBMW), 100% sago starch-based analogue rice (DBS), or 90% sago starch and 10% red bean flour-based analogue rice (DBSKM). Interventions lasted 4 weeks, with weekly monitoring of blood glucose levels, biweekly assessment of insulin resistance via the HOMA-IR index, and final analysis of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentrations in cecal digesta. An in-vitro glucose absorption assay using an inverted ileo-anal pouch was also conducted. The DBS group achieved the greatest blood glucose reduction (56%), while DBSKM showed the most significant improvement in insulin resistance, reducing the HOMA-IR index by 81%. Conversely, the DSTD group exhibited a 10% increase in the index. SCFA concentrations were higher (P < 0.05) in DBS (133 mmol/L) and DBSKM (95 mmol/L) than DBMW (61 mmol/L). Glucose absorbability was significantly lower in DBS (13%) and DBSKM (16%) than DBMW (56%) (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that the hypoglycemic effects and improved insulin sensitivity in rats fed the analogue rice were associated with increased SCFA production and reduced glucose absorption, likely due to the rice’s high resistant starch content.

Keywords: sago starch, red bean, analogue rice, resistant starch, hypoglycemic

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