Published date: Mar 13 2023

Journal Title: KnE Social Sciences

Issue title: Third International Conference on Human Sciences

Pages: 51–80

DOI: 10.18502/kss.v8i6.13104

Omar Ali AL Dulaimidr.omar.ali@uofallujah.edu.iqMA / Arabic Language

Omer Abbas Khudaier AbbasCollege of Islamic Sciences / University of Fallujah

The best of what he wrote on the factors, Mukhtasar Al-Jarjani (d. 471 AH) and Mukhtasar Al-Barkawi (d. 881 AH), although the second author wrote his book "To rectify the first after nearly four centuries" Al-Jurjani's book still takes precedence, preferring his issues over the second, which he came to rectify, according to the researchers' opinion, as it became clear to us in the issues we discussed. Prepositions, as it is not well-known among prepositions, and prepositions are strange, as mentioned by Al-Ashmouni, and by the consensus of grammarians, the preposition does not work with the apparent noun, and its common use comes with the apparent noun and the separate pronoun. How does it work with the relative pronoun? The name of the condition (if) is not the factor of assertiveness, but it is a compound of (if) and (what), so the tool becomes (if), but the assertion does not work; because of Jazm tools, Jazm worked; to include the meaning of (if) the conditional in terms of meaning, it indicates doubt about the occurrence of a thing or possibility, or the impossible, unlike (if), which indicates certainty or preponderance. And (if) is the same tool (if) and is attached to it (what), then it is not working, just as it is not mentioned in a Qur'anic text that it is working. What also differed in it was the ratio of factors to listening and measurement, in factors that Al-Jurjani counted as aural, which Al-Barkawi counted as standard. Because if the factors are limited in number, then it is more appropriate for them to be auditory for the standard condition to be continuous and to be made under total control, or for a universal rule that applies to all its members, and this condition is not fulfilled in what was limited to a number.

Keywords: grammatical factors, Al-Jurjani and Al-Barkawi factors, balancing stud factors, Al Jurjani's factors, Al-Barkawy's factors