KnE Life Sciences
ISSN: 2413-0877
The latest conference proceedings on life sciences, medicine and pharmacology.
Yield and Quality of Seeds of Wheat Varieties Tyumenskaya Jubilee and Tyumenochka Depending on the Level of Mineral Nutrition in the Northern Forest Steppe of the Tyumen Region
Published date: Nov 25 2019
Journal Title: KnE Life Sciences
Issue title: International Scientific and Practical Conference “AgroSMART – Smart Solutions for Agriculture”
Pages: 968–981
Authors:
Abstract:
The State Agrarian University of the Northern Trans-Urals continues to breed spring wheat. Two varieties of Tyumen Jubilee and Tyumenochka have been created with the use of various source materials, including sources to the main cultural diseases in the region. Tyumenskaya variety has passed the State Variety Testing and is included in the Register of breeding achievements in 10 regions. The second variety is in the State Variety Trial. Research is continuing on both varieties to develop seed varieties. The results of influence of different levels of mineral nutrition on yield and quality of seeds of wheat varieties are analyzed in this report. It is established that in the northern forest-steppe zone of the Tyumen region on the natural fertility of leached black soil the average seed yield for three years was for the variety Tyumenskaya jubilee 2.48 t/ha, for Tyumenochka – 2.08 t/ha. In the variant with application of mineral fertilizers to the planned yield of 4 t/ha, the first grade seed was obtained 3.29 t/ha, the second – 2.91. The additions to the control variant were 0.81 and 0.83 t/ha. When applying mineral fertilizers to the yield of 5 and 6 t/ha, the additions remained at the level of the previous version, except for the Tyumenochka variety in the last version. The yield of seeds from the total yield in the control variant was 75.5 % for the variety Tyumenskaya jubilee and 71.7 % for Tyumenochka. In the variant with NPK by 4 t/ha the yield of seeds increased by 4.2 % in the first grade and by 4.5 % in the second grade. Protein content in the seeds of wheat varieties on the natural soil fertility was 13.6 and 12.3 %, respectively. The maximum content of 16.0 and 14.8 % is noted in the variant with fertilizers for the planned yield of 4 t/ha. In the same variant the highest germination energy (82.3, 80.1 %) and germination of seeds (96.9 and 95.5 %) are higher than the control variant by 20.7, 15.6 and 1.8 %; 2.5 % accordingly. The main part of the seeds (71.0 and 68.1 %) of the studied wheat varieties in the mentioned variant grew with 5–6 germ roots that is 19.3 and 13.2 % higher than the control. The variant with fertilizers for the planned yield of 4 t/ha was more economically advantageous, the level of profitability of the variety Tyumenskaya jubilee was 49 %, and Tyumenochka 44 %.
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