Published date: Jun 07 2022

Journal Title: KnE Life Sciences

Issue title: The First Asian PGPR Indonesian Chapter International e-Conference 2021

Pages: 567–578

DOI: 10.18502/kls.v7i3.11162

Wahyu Astikoastiko@unram.ac.idAgroecotechnology Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Ni Made Laksmi ErnawatiAgroecotechnology Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mataram, Indonesia

I Putu SilawibawaDepartment of Soil Science Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Mycorrhizae and organic fertilizers play a critical role in nutrient availability and absorption, soil texture development, and hormone production to promote plant growth. The aim of this research was to determine the influence of planting density on intercropping maize and mycorrhizal soybeans, and the impact of organic fertilizers on maize and soybean yields in dry lands in North Lombok. The experiment was conducted using a randomized block design with five intercropping treatments: P1 = 2 maize lines: 2 soybean lines, P2 = 3 maize lines: 2 soybean lines, P3 = 3 maize lines: 3 soybean lines, P4 = 4 maize lines: 2 soybean lines, and P5 = 4 maize lines: 3 soybean lines. The data were then analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s significant difference test with a significance level of 5%. It was found that the P3 density showed the highest yield compared with the other intercropping treatments; the number of spores and mycorrhizal infection rate were also increased. The P3 treatment, with the addition of 15 tons of cow manure per hectare and inoculation with AMF, enhanced the yield and promoted the development of mycorrhiza.

Keywords: Intercropping; maize; plant density; soybean

[1] Central Statistics Agency. Produksi padi, jagung dan kedelai. BPS. Available from: ttps://babel.bps.go.id/statictable/2015/06/28/42/perkembangan-luas-panenproduktivitas-dan-produksi-padi-jagung-dan-kedelai-2012-2015.html (Date of publication 19 March 2018)

[2] Suwardji S. Pengelolaan sumberdaya lahan kering. Mataram University Press, Mataram, Indonesia; 2013.

[3] Suwardji S, Suardiari G, Hippi A. The application of sprinkle irrigation to increase of irrigation efficiency at North Lombok, Indonesia. Paper presented at: Indonesian Soil Science Society Congress IX; 5-7 December 2007; Gajah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

[4] Suzuki S, Noble AD. Improvement in water-holding capacity and structural stability of a sandy soil in Northeast Thailand. Arid Land Research and Management. 2007;21:37–493.

[5] Bastida F, Hernández T, Garcia C. Microbes at work – From wastes to resources. Insan H, Franke-Whittle I, Goberna M, editors. Heidelberg: Springer Verlag; 2010.

[6] Doty SL, Lafferty S. Nitrogen-fixing endophytic bacteria for improved plant growth. Bacteria in agrobiology: Plant growth responses. Heidelberg: Springer; 2011.

[7] Lithourgidis AS, Dordas CA, Damalas CA, Vlachostergios DNO. Annual intercrops: An alternative pathway for sustainable agriculture. Australian Journal of Crop Science. 2011;5(4):396-410.

[8] Astiko W, Sastrahidayat IR, Djauhari S, Muhibuddin A. The role of indigenous mycorrhiza in combination with cattle manure in improving maize yield (Zea mays L) on sandy loam of northern Lombok, eastern of Indonesia. Journal of Tropical Soils. 2013;18(1):53-58.

[9] Xiao TJ, Yang QS, Wei RAN, Xu GH, Shen QR. Effect of inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus on nitrogen and phosphorus utilization in upland rice-mungbean intercropping system. Agricultural Sciences in China. 2010;9(4):528-535.

[10] Sastrahidayat IR, Subari ASM, Bintoro M. Pengaruh sludge dan inokulasi mikoriza vesicular arbuskular terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung. Agrivita, Journal of Agricultural Science. 2001;22(2):147-155.

[11] Astiko W, Fauzi MT. Nutrient status and mycorrhizal population on various food crops grown following corn inoculated with indigenous mycorrhiza on sandy soil of North Lombok, Indonesia. Journal of Tropical Soils. 2016;20(2):119-125.

[12] Perner HD, Schwarz C, Bruns P, Mader, George E. Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization and two levels of compost supply on nutrient uptake and flowering of pelargonium plants. Mycorrhiza. 2007;17:469-474.

[13] Bot A, Benites J. The importance of soil organic matter: Key to drought-resistant soil and sustained food production. Food & Agriculture Org; Rome, 2005.

[14] Wahid A, Gelani S, Ashraf M, Foolad MR. Heat tolerance in plants: An overview. Environmental and Experimental Botany. 2007;61(3):199-223.

[15] Wiedenhoeft AC. Plant nutrition. Infobase Publishing; New York, 2006.

[16] Boyer JS. Plant productivity and environment. Science. 1982;218(4571):443-448.

[17] Harsono P, Handayanta E, Hartanto R, Yunus A, Prabawati K. Effects of manure types on the growth and yield of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) in dryland. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2021;807(42067):1-11.

[18] Prasad RB, Brook RM. Effect of varying maize densities on intercropped maize and soybean in Nepal. Experimental Agriculture. 2005;41(3):365-382.

[19] Ariel CE, Eduardo OA, Benito GE, Lidia G. Effects of two plant arrangements in corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) intercropping on soil nitrogen and phosphorus status and growth of component crops at an Argentinean argiudol. American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry. 2013;1(2):22-31.