object(stdClass)#15569 (52) {
  ["_href"]=>
  string(87) "https://knepublishing.com/index.php/KnE-Life/api/v1/submissions/10139/publications/9291"
  ["abstract"]=>
  object(stdClass)#15733 (1) {
    ["en_US"]=>
    string(1641) "
The transition of livestock production to industrial processes and the concentration of animals associated with this process on large farms and complexes has caused a sharp increase in the volume of manure that must be disposed of without pollution. One of the ways of processing organic waste (biomass) is its anaerobic digestion in biogas plants through the vital activity of microorganisms (methanogenesis).Biogas obtained using microbiological processing of biomass can be used as a raw material for heat and electric energy. Annually, 0.17% of the total livestock manure produced at Russian agricultural enterprisesis used for biogas production.The main component of a biogas plant is a manure fermentation reactor, the required volume of which is determined by the daily output of manure from the livestock farm, the temperature and the hydraulic retention time of treatment. This research explored thermal energy consumption of biogas plants, using the example of a biogas plant of a modular design that depended on the average annual outdoor temperature. Based on the calculations, the thermophilic mode was found to be more energy-efficient than the mesophilic one; thus, with the thermophilic mode, the specific energy consumption needed for the plant was lower at the average annual outdoor temperatures of all the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. At the same time, the specific biogas yield in the thermophilic regime was 20-50%higher than in the mesophilic regime.
Keywords: anaerobic processing, agricultural waste, thermophilicmode, mesophilicmode, energy costs, energy rationale
"
  }
  ["accessStatus"]=>
  int(0)
  ["authors"]=>
  array(5) {
    [0]=>
    object(stdClass)#15731 (13) {
      ["affiliation"]=>
      object(stdClass)#15732 (1) {
        ["en_US"]=>
        string(69) "Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, 109428, Russia, Moscow"
      }
      ["email"]=>
      string(19) "kovalev_ana@mail.ru"
      ["familyName"]=>
      object(stdClass)#15730 (1) {
        ["en_US"]=>
        string(7) "Kovalev"
      }
      ["givenName"]=>
      object(stdClass)#15729 (1) {
        ["en_US"]=>
        string(9) "Andrey A."
      }
      ["id"]=>
      int(28744)
      ["includeInBrowse"]=>
      bool(true)
      ["orcid"]=>
      string(0) ""
      ["preferredPublicName"]=>
      object(stdClass)#15728 (1) {
        ["en_US"]=>
        string(0) ""
      }
      ["publicationId"]=>
      int(9291)
      ["rorId"]=>
      NULL
      ["seq"]=>
      int(37)
      ["submissionLocale"]=>
      string(5) "en_US"
      ["userGroupId"]=>
      int(184)
    }
    [1]=>
    object(stdClass)#15726 (13) {
      ["affiliation"]=>
      object(stdClass)#15727 (1) {
        ["en_US"]=>
        string(69) "Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, 109428, Russia, Moscow"
      }
      ["email"]=>
      string(13) "none@none.com"
      ["familyName"]=>
      object(stdClass)#15725 (1) {
        ["en_US"]=>
        string(7) "Kovalev"
      }
      ["givenName"]=>
      object(stdClass)#15724 (1) {
        ["en_US"]=>
        string(10) "Dmitriy A."
      }
      ["id"]=>
      int(28745)
      ["includeInBrowse"]=>
      bool(true)
      ["orcid"]=>
      string(0) ""
      ["preferredPublicName"]=>
      object(stdClass)#15706 (1) {
        ["en_US"]=>
        string(0) ""
      }
      ["publicationId"]=>
      int(9291)
      ["rorId"]=>
      NULL
      ["seq"]=>
      int(37)
      ["submissionLocale"]=>
      string(5) "en_US"
      ["userGroupId"]=>
      int(184)
    }
    [2]=>
    object(stdClass)#15723 (13) {
      ["affiliation"]=>
      object(stdClass)#15707 (1) {
        ["en_US"]=>
        string(116) "Federal Research Centre «Fundamentals of Biotechnology» of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071, Russia, Moscow"
      }
      ["email"]=>
      string(13) "none@none.com"
      ["familyName"]=>
      object(stdClass)#15722 (1) {
        ["en_US"]=>
        string(5) "Litti"
      }
      ["givenName"]=>
      object(stdClass)#15721 (1) {
        ["en_US"]=>
        string(7) "Yuri V."
      }
      ["id"]=>
      int(28746)
      ["includeInBrowse"]=>
      bool(true)
      ["orcid"]=>
      string(0) ""
      ["preferredPublicName"]=>
      object(stdClass)#15720 (1) {
        ["en_US"]=>
        string(0) ""
      }
      ["publicationId"]=>
      int(9291)
      ["rorId"]=>
      NULL
      ["seq"]=>
      int(37)
      ["submissionLocale"]=>
      string(5) "en_US"
      ["userGroupId"]=>
      int(184)
    }
    [3]=>
    object(stdClass)#15718 (13) {
      ["affiliation"]=>
      object(stdClass)#15719 (1) {
        ["en_US"]=>
        string(113) "Nizhny Novgorod State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (NNSAGU), 603950, Russia, Nižnij Novgorod"
      }
      ["email"]=>
      string(13) "none@none.com"
      ["familyName"]=>
      object(stdClass)#15717 (1) {
        ["en_US"]=>
        string(8) "Katraeva"
      }
      ["givenName"]=>
      object(stdClass)#15709 (1) {
        ["en_US"]=>
        string(7) "Inna V."
      }
      ["id"]=>
      int(28747)
      ["includeInBrowse"]=>
      bool(true)
      ["orcid"]=>
      string(0) ""
      ["preferredPublicName"]=>
      object(stdClass)#15716 (1) {
        ["en_US"]=>
        string(0) ""
      }
      ["publicationId"]=>
      int(9291)
      ["rorId"]=>
      NULL
      ["seq"]=>
      int(37)
      ["submissionLocale"]=>
      string(5) "en_US"
      ["userGroupId"]=>
      int(184)
    }
    [4]=>
    object(stdClass)#15714 (13) {
      ["affiliation"]=>
      object(stdClass)#15715 (1) {
        ["en_US"]=>
        string(116) "Federal Research Centre «Fundamentals of Biotechnology» of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071, Russia, Moscow"
      }
      ["email"]=>
      string(13) "none@none.com"
      ["familyName"]=>
      object(stdClass)#15713 (1) {
        ["en_US"]=>
        string(12) "Nozhevnikova"
      }
      ["givenName"]=>
      object(stdClass)#15712 (1) {
        ["en_US"]=>
        string(7) "Alla N."
      }
      ["id"]=>
      int(28748)
      ["includeInBrowse"]=>
      bool(true)
      ["orcid"]=>
      string(0) ""
      ["preferredPublicName"]=>
      object(stdClass)#15711 (1) {
        ["en_US"]=>
        string(0) ""
      }
      ["publicationId"]=>
      int(9291)
      ["rorId"]=>
      NULL
      ["seq"]=>
      int(37)
      ["submissionLocale"]=>
      string(5) "en_US"
      ["userGroupId"]=>
      int(184)
    }
  }
  ["authorsString"]=>
  string(92) "Andrey A. Kovalev, Dmitriy A. Kovalev, Yuri V. Litti, Inna V. Katraeva, Alla N. Nozhevnikova"
  ["authorsStringShort"]=>
  string(14) "Kovalev et al."
  ["categoryIds"]=>
  array(0) {
  }
  ["citations"]=>
  array(10) {
    [0]=>
    string(295) "Kovalev AA. Technologies and feasibility study of biogas production in systems for the disposal of manure of livestock farms(Tekhnologiiitekhnikoenergeticheskoyeobosnovaniyeproizvodstvabiogaza v sistemakhutilizatsiinavozazhivotnovodcheskikhferm) [Doctoral Dissertation]. Moscow:VIESH RAAS; 1998."
    [1]=>
    string(212) "Namsaraev Z,Litti Y, Nozhevnikova A. Analysis of the resource potential of biogas production in the Russian Federation. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 2018;1111(1). 1-5 doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1111/1/012012"
    [2]=>
    string(72) "Gunter LI, Goldfarb LL. Digesters (Metantenki). Moscow:Stroyizdat; 1991."
    [3]=>
    string(103) "Turovsky IS. Sewage sludge treatment (Obrabotkaosadkovstochnykhvod)3rdedition.?oscow: Stroyizdat; 1988."
    [4]=>
    string(82) "Strauch D.Mikrobiologische untersuchungen zur hygieni – sierung von klarschlamm."
    [5]=>
    string(36) "GWS-Wasser-Abwasser. 1980;3:115-120."
    [6]=>
    string(60) "Kovalev AA. Improving the energy efficiency of biogas plants"
    [7]=>
    string(107) "(Povysheniyeenergeticheskoyeffektivnostibiogazovykhustanovok) [CandidateDissertation]. Moscow:VIESH; 2014."
    [8]=>
    string(87) "LaikamKE. Agriculture, hunting and hunting, forestry in Russia (Sel’skoyekhozyaystvo,"
    [9]=>
    string(79) "okhotaiokhotnich’yekhozyaystvo, lesovodstvo v Rossii). Moscow: Rosstat; 2009."
  }
  ["citationsRaw"]=>
  string(1191) "[1] Kovalev AA. Technologies and feasibility study of biogas production in systems for the disposal of manure of livestock farms(Tekhnologiiitekhnikoenergeticheskoyeobosnovaniyeproizvodstvabiogaza v sistemakhutilizatsiinavozazhivotnovodcheskikhferm) [Doctoral Dissertation]. Moscow:VIESH RAAS; 1998.

[2] Namsaraev Z,Litti Y, Nozhevnikova A. Analysis of the resource potential of biogas production in the Russian Federation. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 2018;1111(1). 1-5 doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1111/1/012012

[3] Gunter LI, Goldfarb LL. Digesters (Metantenki). Moscow:Stroyizdat; 1991.

[4] Turovsky IS. Sewage sludge treatment (Obrabotkaosadkovstochnykhvod)3rdedition.?oscow: Stroyizdat; 1988.

[5] Strauch D.Mikrobiologische untersuchungen zur hygieni – sierung von klarschlamm.
GWS-Wasser-Abwasser. 1980;3:115-120.

[6] Kovalev AA. Improving the energy efficiency of biogas plants
(Povysheniyeenergeticheskoyeffektivnostibiogazovykhustanovok) [CandidateDissertation]. Moscow:VIESH; 2014.

[7] LaikamKE. Agriculture, hunting and hunting, forestry in Russia (Sel’skoyekhozyaystvo,
okhotaiokhotnich’yekhozyaystvo, lesovodstvo v Rossii). Moscow: Rosstat; 2009."
  ["copyrightHolder"]=>
  object(stdClass)#15710 (1) {
    ["en_US"]=>
    string(17) "KnE Life Sciences"
  }
  ["copyrightYear"]=>
  int(2022)
  ["coverImage"]=>
  object(stdClass)#15708 (1) {
    ["en_US"]=>
    NULL
  }
  ["coverage"]=>
  object(stdClass)#15697 (1) {
    ["en_US"]=>
    string(0) ""
  }
  ["crossref::batchId"]=>
  NULL
  ["crossref::failedMsg"]=>
  NULL
  ["crossref::registeredDoi"]=>
  NULL
  ["crossref::status"]=>
  NULL
  ["datacite::registeredDoi"]=>
  NULL
  ["datacite::status"]=>
  NULL
  ["datePublished"]=>
  string(10) "2022-01-13"
  ["disciplines"]=>
  object(stdClass)#15698 (1) {
    ["en_US"]=>
    array(0) {
    }
  }
  ["doaj::status"]=>
  NULL
  ["doiSuffix"]=>
  NULL
  ["fullTitle"]=>
  object(stdClass)#15705 (1) {
    ["en_US"]=>
    string(157) "Energy rationale for the Use of the Thermophilic Mode of Anaerobic Bioconversion of Liquid Organic Waste in the Climatic Conditions of the Russian Federation"
  }
  ["galleys"]=>
  array(2) {
    [0]=>
    object(stdClass)#15704 (20) {
      ["crossref::batchId"]=>
      NULL
      ["crossref::failedMsg"]=>
      NULL
      ["crossref::registeredDoi"]=>
      NULL
      ["crossref::status"]=>
      NULL
      ["datacite::registeredDoi"]=>
      NULL
      ["datacite::status"]=>
      NULL
      ["doaj::status"]=>
      NULL
      ["doiSuffix"]=>
      NULL
      ["file"]=>
      object(stdClass)#15703 (42) {
        ["_href"]=>
        string(81) "https://knepublishing.com/index.php/KnE-Life/api/v1/submissions/10139/files/48077"
        ["assocId"]=>
        int(16606)
        ["assocType"]=>
        int(521)
        ["caption"]=>
        NULL
        ["copyrightOwner"]=>
        NULL
        ["createdAt"]=>
        string(19) "2022-01-13 07:24:59"
        ["creator"]=>
        object(stdClass)#15702 (1) {
          ["en_US"]=>
          string(0) ""
        }
        ["credit"]=>
        NULL
        ["crossref::batchId"]=>
        NULL
        ["crossref::failedMsg"]=>
        NULL
        ["crossref::registeredDoi"]=>
        NULL
        ["crossref::status"]=>
        NULL
        ["datacite::registeredDoi"]=>
        NULL
        ["datacite::status"]=>
        NULL
        ["dateCreated"]=>
        NULL
        ["dependentFiles"]=>
        array(0) {
        }
        ["description"]=>
        object(stdClass)#15701 (1) {
          ["en_US"]=>
          string(0) ""
        }
        ["doaj::status"]=>
        NULL
        ["documentType"]=>
        string(3) "pdf"
        ["doiSuffix"]=>
        NULL
        ["fileId"]=>
        int(44512)
        ["fileStage"]=>
        int(10)
        ["genreId"]=>
        int(1)
        ["id"]=>
        int(48077)
        ["language"]=>
        NULL
        ["locale"]=>
        string(5) "en_US"
        ["mimetype"]=>
        string(15) "application/pdf"
        ["name"]=>
        object(stdClass)#15700 (1) {
          ["en_US"]=>
          string(25) "admin, kls.v7i1.10139.pdf"
        }
        ["path"]=>
        string(75) "journals/24/articles/10139/submission/proof/10139-1-48077-1-10-20220113.pdf"
        ["pub-id::doi"]=>
        NULL
        ["publisher"]=>
        object(stdClass)#15699 (1) {
          ["en_US"]=>
          string(0) ""
        }
        ["revisions"]=>
        array(0) {
        }
        ["source"]=>
        object(stdClass)#15696 (1) {
          ["en_US"]=>
          string(0) ""
        }
        ["sourceSubmissionFileId"]=>
        NULL
        ["sponsor"]=>
        object(stdClass)#15695 (1) {
          ["en_US"]=>
          string(0) ""
        }
        ["subject"]=>
        object(stdClass)#15694 (1) {
          ["en_US"]=>
          string(0) ""
        }
        ["submissionId"]=>
        int(10139)
        ["terms"]=>
        NULL
        ["updatedAt"]=>
        string(19) "2022-01-13 07:24:59"
        ["uploaderUserId"]=>
        int(1)
        ["url"]=>
        string(139) "https://knepublishing.com/index.php/KnE-Life/$$$call$$$/api/file/file-api/download-file?submissionFileId=48077&submissionId=10139&stageId=5"
        ["viewable"]=>
        bool(false)
      }
      ["id"]=>
      int(16606)
      ["isApproved"]=>
      bool(true)
      ["label"]=>
      string(3) "PDF"
      ["locale"]=>
      string(5) "en_US"
      ["pub-id::doi"]=>
      NULL
      ["pub-id::publisher-id"]=>
      NULL
      ["publicationId"]=>
      int(9291)
      ["seq"]=>
      int(0)
      ["submissionFileId"]=>
      int(48077)
      ["urlPublished"]=>
      string(82) "https://knepublishing.com/index.php/KnE-Life/article/view/10139/version/9291/16606"
      ["urlRemote"]=>
      string(0) ""
    }
    [1]=>
    object(stdClass)#15693 (20) {
      ["crossref::batchId"]=>
      NULL
      ["crossref::failedMsg"]=>
      NULL
      ["crossref::registeredDoi"]=>
      NULL
      ["crossref::status"]=>
      NULL
      ["datacite::registeredDoi"]=>
      NULL
      ["datacite::status"]=>
      NULL
      ["doaj::status"]=>
      NULL
      ["doiSuffix"]=>
      NULL
      ["file"]=>
      object(stdClass)#15692 (42) {
        ["_href"]=>
        string(81) "https://knepublishing.com/index.php/KnE-Life/api/v1/submissions/10139/files/48078"
        ["assocId"]=>
        int(16607)
        ["assocType"]=>
        int(521)
        ["caption"]=>
        NULL
        ["copyrightOwner"]=>
        NULL
        ["createdAt"]=>
        string(19) "2022-01-13 09:00:26"
        ["creator"]=>
        object(stdClass)#15688 (1) {
          ["en_US"]=>
          string(0) ""
        }
        ["credit"]=>
        NULL
        ["crossref::batchId"]=>
        NULL
        ["crossref::failedMsg"]=>
        NULL
        ["crossref::registeredDoi"]=>
        NULL
        ["crossref::status"]=>
        NULL
        ["datacite::registeredDoi"]=>
        NULL
        ["datacite::status"]=>
        NULL
        ["dateCreated"]=>
        NULL
        ["dependentFiles"]=>
        array(1) {
          [0]=>
          object(stdClass)#15691 (42) {
            ["_href"]=>
            string(81) "https://knepublishing.com/index.php/KnE-Life/api/v1/submissions/10139/files/48079"
            ["assocId"]=>
            int(48078)
            ["assocType"]=>
            int(515)
            ["caption"]=>
            NULL
            ["copyrightOwner"]=>
            NULL
            ["createdAt"]=>
            string(19) "2022-01-13 07:25:23"
            ["creator"]=>
            object(stdClass)#15690 (1) {
              ["en_US"]=>
              string(0) ""
            }
            ["credit"]=>
            NULL
            ["crossref::batchId"]=>
            NULL
            ["crossref::failedMsg"]=>
            NULL
            ["crossref::registeredDoi"]=>
            NULL
            ["crossref::status"]=>
            NULL
            ["datacite::registeredDoi"]=>
            NULL
            ["datacite::status"]=>
            NULL
            ["dateCreated"]=>
            NULL
            ["dependentFiles"]=>
            array(0) {
            }
            ["description"]=>
            object(stdClass)#15689 (1) {
              ["en_US"]=>
              string(0) ""
            }
            ["doaj::status"]=>
            NULL
            ["documentType"]=>
            string(5) "image"
            ["doiSuffix"]=>
            NULL
            ["fileId"]=>
            int(44515)
            ["fileStage"]=>
            int(17)
            ["genreId"]=>
            int(10)
            ["id"]=>
            int(48079)
            ["language"]=>
            NULL
            ["locale"]=>
            string(5) "en_US"
            ["mimetype"]=>
            string(10) "image/jpeg"
            ["name"]=>
            object(stdClass)#15687 (1) {
              ["en_US"]=>
              string(9) "fig-1.jpg"
            }
            ["path"]=>
            string(76) "journals/24/articles/10139/submission/proof/10139-10-48079-1-17-20220113.jpg"
            ["pub-id::doi"]=>
            NULL
            ["publisher"]=>
            object(stdClass)#15683 (1) {
              ["en_US"]=>
              string(0) ""
            }
            ["revisions"]=>
            array(0) {
            }
            ["source"]=>
            object(stdClass)#15686 (1) {
              ["en_US"]=>
              string(0) ""
            }
            ["sourceSubmissionFileId"]=>
            NULL
            ["sponsor"]=>
            object(stdClass)#15685 (1) {
              ["en_US"]=>
              string(0) ""
            }
            ["subject"]=>
            object(stdClass)#15684 (1) {
              ["en_US"]=>
              string(0) ""
            }
            ["submissionId"]=>
            int(10139)
            ["terms"]=>
            NULL
            ["updatedAt"]=>
            string(19) "2022-01-13 07:25:23"
            ["uploaderUserId"]=>
            int(1)
            ["url"]=>
            string(139) "https://knepublishing.com/index.php/KnE-Life/$$$call$$$/api/file/file-api/download-file?submissionFileId=48079&submissionId=10139&stageId=5"
            ["viewable"]=>
            bool(false)
          }
        }
        ["description"]=>
        object(stdClass)#15682 (1) {
          ["en_US"]=>
          string(0) ""
        }
        ["doaj::status"]=>
        NULL
        ["documentType"]=>
        string(7) "default"
        ["doiSuffix"]=>
        NULL
        ["fileId"]=>
        int(44514)
        ["fileStage"]=>
        int(10)
        ["genreId"]=>
        int(1)
        ["id"]=>
        int(48078)
        ["language"]=>
        NULL
        ["locale"]=>
        string(5) "en_US"
        ["mimetype"]=>
        string(15) "application/xml"
        ["name"]=>
        object(stdClass)#15678 (1) {
          ["en_US"]=>
          string(25) "admin, kls.v7i1.10139.xml"
        }
        ["path"]=>
        string(75) "journals/24/articles/10139/submission/proof/10139-1-48078-2-10-20220113.xml"
        ["pub-id::doi"]=>
        NULL
        ["publisher"]=>
        object(stdClass)#15681 (1) {
          ["en_US"]=>
          string(0) ""
        }
        ["revisions"]=>
        array(1) {
          [0]=>
          object(stdClass)#15680 (5) {
            ["documentType"]=>
            string(7) "default"
            ["fileId"]=>
            int(44513)
            ["mimetype"]=>
            string(15) "application/xml"
            ["path"]=>
            string(75) "journals/24/articles/10139/submission/proof/10139-1-48078-1-10-20220113.xml"
            ["url"]=>
            string(152) "https://knepublishing.com/index.php/KnE-Life/$$$call$$$/api/file/file-api/download-file?fileId=44513&submissionFileId=48078&submissionId=10139&stageId=5"
          }
        }
        ["source"]=>
        object(stdClass)#15679 (1) {
          ["en_US"]=>
          string(0) ""
        }
        ["sourceSubmissionFileId"]=>
        NULL
        ["sponsor"]=>
        object(stdClass)#15677 (1) {
          ["en_US"]=>
          string(0) ""
        }
        ["subject"]=>
        object(stdClass)#15673 (1) {
          ["en_US"]=>
          string(0) ""
        }
        ["submissionId"]=>
        int(10139)
        ["terms"]=>
        NULL
        ["updatedAt"]=>
        string(19) "2022-01-13 09:00:26"
        ["uploaderUserId"]=>
        int(1)
        ["url"]=>
        string(139) "https://knepublishing.com/index.php/KnE-Life/$$$call$$$/api/file/file-api/download-file?submissionFileId=48078&submissionId=10139&stageId=5"
        ["viewable"]=>
        bool(false)
      }
      ["id"]=>
      int(16607)
      ["isApproved"]=>
      bool(true)
      ["label"]=>
      string(4) "HTML"
      ["locale"]=>
      string(5) "en_US"
      ["pub-id::doi"]=>
      NULL
      ["pub-id::publisher-id"]=>
      NULL
      ["publicationId"]=>
      int(9291)
      ["seq"]=>
      int(1)
      ["submissionFileId"]=>
      int(48078)
      ["urlPublished"]=>
      string(82) "https://knepublishing.com/index.php/KnE-Life/article/view/10139/version/9291/16607"
      ["urlRemote"]=>
      string(0) ""
    }
  }
  ["hideAuthor"]=>
  NULL
  ["id"]=>
  int(9291)
  ["issueId"]=>
  int(296)
  ["keywords"]=>
  object(stdClass)#15676 (1) {
    ["en_US"]=>
    array(0) {
    }
  }
  ["languages"]=>
  object(stdClass)#15675 (1) {
    ["en_US"]=>
    array(0) {
    }
  }
  ["lastModified"]=>
  string(19) "2022-01-13 09:00:29"
  ["licenseUrl"]=>
  NULL
  ["locale"]=>
  string(5) "en_US"
  ["pages"]=>
  string(9) "319–326"
  ["prefix"]=>
  object(stdClass)#15674 (1) {
    ["en_US"]=>
    string(0) ""
  }
  ["primaryContactId"]=>
  NULL
  ["pub-id::doi"]=>
  string(23) "10.18502/kls.v7i1.10139"
  ["pub-id::publisher-id"]=>
  NULL
  ["rights"]=>
  object(stdClass)#15672 (1) {
    ["en_US"]=>
    string(0) ""
  }
  ["sectionId"]=>
  int(24)
  ["seq"]=>
  int(37)
  ["source"]=>
  object(stdClass)#15668 (1) {
    ["en_US"]=>
    string(0) ""
  }
  ["status"]=>
  int(3)
  ["subjects"]=>
  object(stdClass)#15671 (1) {
    ["en_US"]=>
    array(0) {
    }
  }
  ["submissionId"]=>
  int(10139)
  ["subtitle"]=>
  object(stdClass)#15670 (1) {
    ["en_US"]=>
    string(0) ""
  }
  ["supportingAgencies"]=>
  object(stdClass)#15669 (1) {
    ["en_US"]=>
    array(0) {
    }
  }
  ["title"]=>
  object(stdClass)#15659 (1) {
    ["en_US"]=>
    string(157) "Energy rationale for the Use of the Thermophilic Mode of Anaerobic Bioconversion of Liquid Organic Waste in the Climatic Conditions of the Russian Federation"
  }
  ["type"]=>
  object(stdClass)#15667 (1) {
    ["en_US"]=>
    string(0) ""
  }
  ["urlPath"]=>
  NULL
  ["urlPublished"]=>
  string(76) "https://knepublishing.com/index.php/KnE-Life/article/view/10139/version/9291"
  ["version"]=>
  int(1)
}

Aims and Scope

Journal Information

Indexing

Ethics and Policies

Peer Review Policy

Article Submission

• Submission Guidelines
• Author Style Guide

Archive

Register for Content Alerts

Author Support Services

Promote Your Research

1. Home.
2. Publications
3. KnE Life Sciences
4. 8th Scientific and Practical Conference "Biotechnology: Science and Practice"
5. Pages

KnE Life Sciences

ISSN: 2413-0877

The latest conference proceedings on life sciences, medicine and pharmacology.

Register for Content Alerts

Navigation

Aims and Scope

Journal Information

Indexing

Ethics and Policies

Peer Review Policy

Article Submission

• Submission Guidelines
• Author Style Guide

Archive

Register for Content Alerts

Author Support Services

Promote Your Research

Energy rationale for the Use of the Thermophilic Mode of Anaerobic Bioconversion of Liquid Organic Waste in the Climatic Conditions of the Russian Federation

Published date: Jan 13 2022

Journal Title: KnE Life Sciences

Issue title: 8th Scientific and Practical Conference "Biotechnology: Science and Practice"

Pages: 319–326

DOI: 10.18502/kls.v7i1.10139

Authors:

Andrey A. Kovalevkovalev_ana@mail.ruFederal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, 109428, Russia, Moscow

Dmitriy A. KovalevFederal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, 109428, Russia, Moscow

Yuri V. LittiFederal Research Centre «Fundamentals of Biotechnology» of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071, Russia, Moscow

Inna V. KatraevaNizhny Novgorod State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (NNSAGU), 603950, Russia, Nižnij Novgorod

Alla N. NozhevnikovaFederal Research Centre «Fundamentals of Biotechnology» of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071, Russia, Moscow

Abstract:

The transition of livestock production to industrial processes and the concentration of animals associated with this process on large farms and complexes has caused a sharp increase in the volume of manure that must be disposed of without pollution. One of the ways of processing organic waste (biomass) is its anaerobic digestion in biogas plants through the vital activity of microorganisms (methanogenesis).Biogas obtained using microbiological processing of biomass can be used as a raw material for heat and electric energy. Annually, 0.17% of the total livestock manure produced at Russian agricultural enterprisesis used for biogas production.The main component of a biogas plant is a manure fermentation reactor, the required volume of which is determined by the daily output of manure from the livestock farm, the temperature and the hydraulic retention time of treatment. This research explored thermal energy consumption of biogas plants, using the example of a biogas plant of a modular design that depended on the average annual outdoor temperature. Based on the calculations, the thermophilic mode was found to be more energy-efficient than the mesophilic one; thus, with the thermophilic mode, the specific energy consumption needed for the plant was lower at the average annual outdoor temperatures of all the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. At the same time, the specific biogas yield in the thermophilic regime was 20-50%higher than in the mesophilic regime.

Keywords: anaerobic processing, agricultural waste, thermophilicmode, mesophilicmode, energy costs, energy rationale

References:

[1] Kovalev AA. Technologies and feasibility study of biogas production in systems for the disposal of manure of livestock farms(Tekhnologiiitekhnikoenergeticheskoyeobosnovaniyeproizvodstvabiogaza v sistemakhutilizatsiinavozazhivotnovodcheskikhferm) [Doctoral Dissertation]. Moscow:VIESH RAAS; 1998.

[2] Namsaraev Z,Litti Y, Nozhevnikova A. Analysis of the resource potential of biogas production in the Russian Federation. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 2018;1111(1). 1-5 doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1111/1/012012

[3] Gunter LI, Goldfarb LL. Digesters (Metantenki). Moscow:Stroyizdat; 1991.

[4] Turovsky IS. Sewage sludge treatment (Obrabotkaosadkovstochnykhvod)3rdedition.?oscow: Stroyizdat; 1988.

[5] Strauch D.Mikrobiologische untersuchungen zur hygieni – sierung von klarschlamm.
GWS-Wasser-Abwasser. 1980;3:115-120.

[6] Kovalev AA. Improving the energy efficiency of biogas plants
(Povysheniyeenergeticheskoyeffektivnostibiogazovykhustanovok) [CandidateDissertation]. Moscow:VIESH; 2014.

[7] LaikamKE. Agriculture, hunting and hunting, forestry in Russia (Sel’skoyekhozyaystvo,
okhotaiokhotnich’yekhozyaystvo, lesovodstvo v Rossii). Moscow: Rosstat; 2009.

Download

HTML

Cite

Cite

HARVARD ACM ACS APA CHICAGO IEEE MLA VANCOUVER ENDNOTE, ZETORO, MENDELEY BIBTEX

Share