Sudan Journal of Medical Sciences
ISSN: 1858-5051
High-impact research on the latest developments in medicine and healthcare across MENA and Africa
Editorial Board
Editor-in-Chief
Prof. Nazik Elmalaika Obaid Seid Ahmed Husain, MBBS, MD, MSc, MHPE, PhD
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Omdurman Islamic University, Khartoum, Sudan. medc.oiu@gmail.com
ORCID: 0000-0001-8333-5735
Journal Manager
Prof. Mohammad AM Ibnouf, FRCSEd, PhD.
Department of Surgery, Omdurman Islamic University and The National Centre for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Khartoum, Sudan. medc.oiu@gmail.co
Associate Editor
Dr. Abduelbagi Altayb, MRCP.
Senior fellow ICM, East Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom. medc.oiu@gmail.com
Assistant Editor-in-Chief
Dr. Yasmeen Abdulla, BDS, Msc, MFDRCSI
Senior Lecturer of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan. medc.oiu@gmail.com
Deputy Editor
Dr. Rayan Khalid Ali Awad Alkareem, MBBS, MSc, MD, PhD
Associate Professor of Clinical Immunology and Genetics and Secretary of Academic Affairs, Assafa College, and Clinical immunologist and geneticist at Elite Clinic for Health and Medical Services, Khartoum, Sudan.
ORCID: 0000-0002-2829-9871
Assistant Editor/ Promotion Editor
Dr. Mohamed Nasr Elsheikh, MD, MSc, PhD.
Global Health and Infection Department, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, United Kingdom. medc.oiu@gmail.com,
Social Media Editor
Dr. Ola Sharafeldin Mohamed Elhassan Hussein, MBBS.
Faculty of Medicine, University of Bahri, Khartoum, Sudan. medc.oiu@gmail.com
Former Editor-in-Chief
Prof. Mohammed Gadour, MBBS MRCP, PhD, FRCP,
Professor of Gastroenterology and former Dean at the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Omdurman Islamic University, Sudan
Advisory Board
Prof Abdalbasit Mariod, BSc, MSc. PhD
Department of Biological Science, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Prof. Ishag Adam, MD, PhD.
Professor of Maternal and Perinatal Epidemiology, Qassim University, Kingdom Saudi Arabia.
Prof. Abbas Agaimy, MD,
Professor of Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich‐Alexander University Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.
Prof. Waled AM Ahmed, PhD., RN
Professor of Community Health Nursing, Al Baha University, Nursing Department, Saudi Arabia
Prof. Ahmed Mudawi Musa Mohamed, MBBS, DTM&H, DLSHTM, MSC TM&IH, MRCPI, PHD
Professor of Clinical Pathology and Immunology, Institute of Endemic Disease, University of Khartoum, Sudan
Prof. Basheer Hamad, MB BS, MD, DTPH , DCMT, Dip Ed
Professor of Medical Education, Sudan Medical Specialization Board, Khartoum, Sudan.
Prof. El Sheikh Mahgoub Gaafar, MBBS, Dip. Bact., MD, PhD, FRCPath.
Professor of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khartoum University, Sudan.
Prof. Mohammed Saeed Al Khalaefa, MRCP-UK, FRCP-London
Professor of Internal Medicine, and Cardiology, Dean Azza University College for Women, Khartoum, Sudan
Prof. Hassan Abu Aisha
Professor of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Almughtaribeen University, Director of Napata Research & Innovation Center (NRIC), Khartoum, Sudan.
Prof. Babikir EG Kaballo, MBBS, MD, FRCP
Professor of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Karary University and Military Hospital, Omdurman, Sudan.
Prof. Imad Fadl Elmula, MD, PhD.
Professor of Urology and Clinical Genetics, Al Neelain Stem Cell Research Centre, Al Neelain University, Sudan.
Prof. Hyder Osman Mirgani Mohamed, MD, MSc.
Professor of Internal Medicine & Endocrinology, University of Tabuk, Kingdom Saudi Arabia
Prof. Hassan Bella, MD, PhD. DTM&H, FRSH
Professor of Tropical Child Health, Sudan Medical Specialization Board, Khartoum, Sudan. Imam Abdul Rahman bin Faisal University, Saudi Arabia
Prof Ahmed Mohammed Elhaj MBBS, Fc Rad (Onc), MMED
Department of Medical Oncology, Khartoum Breast Care Centre, Khartoum, Sudan.
Prof. Gamal Eldin H. A. EL SHALLALY, MBBS, FRCSEd, MMAS, Cert THE, MFSTEd, FCMG.
Oman College of Medicine and Health Sciences (COMHS), Oman.
Dr. Muaz Abdellatif Mohammed Elsayed, MBBS, MD, MSc, UCL-UK.
Adjunct Clinical Professor University of Sharjah, Consultant Neurologist Al Qassimi Hospital United Arab Emirates.
Dr Sittana Shamseldin Elshafie Mohamed, MBBS, MSC, FRCPath, DipHIC.
Health Protection and Communicable Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Doha, Qatar
Dr. Mohammad H. Taha. MBBS, PG Dip, MHPE, PhD, FAcadMEd, FAMEE.
Assistant Professor of Medical Education at the University of Sharjah
Dr. Elsiddig Mahmoud, MBBS, FRCSI.
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Omdurman Islamic University, Sudan.
Dr. Hüseyin Fatih Sezer
Associate Professor at Kocaeli University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Medical Sciences, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Türkiye
Dr. Aamir Yassin, MBBS, MD, MRCPCH, CMSA.
Consultant Pediatric Pulmonologist, Department of Pediatrics, Omdurman Islamic University, and Haj Elsafi Hospital, Khartoum North, Sudan
Dr. Assad Ali Rezigalla Kafe, BSc, MBBS, MSc, MHPE, PhD
Assistant Professor of Human Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Suadi Arabia
Dr. Asaad Mohammed Ahmed Abdallah Babker, Ph.D.
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, UAE.
Dr. Mohamed Mustafa, MBBS, MSc, MD.
Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
Dr. Mohamed Hassan Ahmed, MBBS, PhD, SCE
Internal Medicine, Metabolic Diseases and HIV, Department of Medicine and HIV Metabolic Clinic, Milton Keynes University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom
Dr. Abdelmohaymin Abdalla, MBBS, MD
Assistant Professor of Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Arizona, USA.