Published date: Jul 27 2021

Journal Title: International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine

Issue title: International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine (IJRM): Volume 19, Issue No. 6

Pages: 525–536

DOI: 10.18502/ijrm.v19i6.9374

Mohamad Reza DoostabadiDepartment of Reproductive Biology, Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran

Mohammadmehdi Hassanzadeh-taheriDepartment of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran

Mahmoud Asgharzadehmahmoodoor@gmail.comDepartment of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran

Masoomeh MohammadzadehDepartment of Reproductive Biology, Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran

Background: Excessive consumption of alcohol induces an increase in oxidative stress production and can lead to detrimental effects on the male reproductive system.

Objective: To evaluate the possible protective effects of coadministration of vitamin (vit) E on the detrimental changes in the sperm quality of mice administered ethanol.

Materials and Methods: Fifty-four BALB/c mice were categorized into nine groups (n = 6/each). The control group received a basal diet while the eight experimental groups received ethanol 10%; ethanol 20%; vit. E 100 mg; vit. E 200 mg; ethanol 10% + vit. E 100 mg; ethanol 10% + vit. E 200 mg; ethanol 20% + vit. E 100 mg; ethanol 20% + vit. E 200 mg. After 35 days, the sperm parameters and sperm chromatin were assessed.

Results: The results demonstrated a significant reduction in the motility rate, normal morphology rate, viability rate, increase in abnormal DNA structure and packaging (TB staining), and DNA damage (TUNEL) in ethanol consumer groups. In addition, the findings showed a significant increase in the aforementioned parameters in ethanoland vit. E-consumer groups compared to the ethanol-only consumer groups. The ethanol group received 20% of the most damage among the groups. The group receiving vit. E 100 mg and those receiving ethanol 10% + vit. E 200 mg gained the highest benefit among the groups.

Conclusion: Sperm forward progressive motility, normal morphology rate, and viability decreased in the ethanol groups. Also, the rates of spermatozoa with abnormal DNA structure and DNA fragmentation increased in the ethanol groups. Our findings revealed that the coadministration of vit. E and ethanol can protect destructive changes in DNA structure and damage.

Key words: Ethanol, Sperm parameters, Vitamin E.

[1] Flyckt R, Falcone T. Infertility: A practical framework. Cleve Clin J Med 2019; 86: 473–482.

[2] Agarwal A, Mulgund A, Hamada A, Chyatte MR. A unique view on male infertility around the globe. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2015; 13: 37. 1–9.

[3] La Vignera S, Condorelli RA, Balercia G, Vicari E, Calogero AE. Does alcohol have any effect on male reproductive function? A review of literature. Asian J Androl 2013; 15: 221–225.

[4] Muthusami KR, Chinnaswamy P. Effect of chronic alcoholism on male fertility hormones and semen quality. Fertil Steril 2005; 84: 919–924.

[5] Bisht Sh, Faiq M, Tolahunase M, Dada R. Oxidative stress and male infertility. Nat Rev Urol 2017; 14: 470– 485.

[6] Gavriliouk D, Aitken RJ. Damage to sperm DNA mediated by reactive oxygen species: Its impact on human reproduction and the health trajectory of offspring. Adv Exp Med Biol 2015; 868: 23–47.

[7] Doostabadi M, Afshar M, Hosseini M, Ezi S, Hassanzadetaheri M. Protective effect of aqueous jujube extract in Carbamazepine induced teratogenicity on Balb/c mice fetuses. IJABR 2016; 7: 1794–1803.

[8] Bhardwaj JK, Mitta M, Saraf P, Kumari P. Pesticides induced oxidative stress and female infertility: A review. Toxin Rev 2020; 39: 1–13.

[9] Ricci E, Noli S, Ferrari S, La Vecchia I, Cipriani S, De Cosmi V, et al. Alcohol intake and semen variables: Cross−sectional analysis of a prospective cohort study of men referring to an Italian Fertility Clinic. Andrology 2018; 6: 690–696.

[10] Zwolak I. Protective effects of dietary antioxidants against vanadium-induced toxicity: A review. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2020; 2020: 1490316.

[11] Majzoub A, Agarwal A. Systematic review of antioxidant types and doses in male infertility: Benefits on semen parameters, advanced sperm function, assisted reproduction and live-birth rate. Arab J Urol 2018; 16: 113–124.

[12] Asadi N, Bahmani M, Kheradmand A, Rafieian- Kopaei M. The impact of oxidative stress on testicular function and the role of antioxidants in improving it: A review. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11: IE01–IE05.

[13] Zubair M. Effects of dietary vitamin E on male reproductive system. Asian Pac J Reprod 2017; 6: 145–150.

[14] Ourique GM, Saccol EMH, Pes TS, Glanzner WG, Schiefelbein SH, Woehl VM, et al. Protective effect of vitamin E on sperm motility and oxidative stress in valproic acid treated rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2016; 95: 159–167.

[15] World Health Organization. WHO laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human semen. 5th Ed. Switzerland: World Health Organization Press; 2010.

[16] Kishikawa H, Tateno H, Yanagimachi R. Chromosome analysis of BALB/c mouse spermatozoa with normal and abnormal head morphology. Biol Reprod 1999; 61: 809–812.

[17] Talebi AR. Sperm nuclear maturation: A basic and clinical approach. 1st Ed. US: Nova Science Publishers; 2011.

[18] Agarwal A, Sharma R, Ahmad G. Sperm chromatin assessment. In: Gardner DK, Weissman A, Howles CM, Shoham Z, editors. Textbook of assisted reproductive techniques. 5th Ed. US: CRC Press; 2017: 65–87.

[19] Tsarev I, Bungum M, Giwercman A, Erenpreisa J, Ebessen T, Ernst E, et al. Evaluation of male fertility potential by Toluidine Blue test for sperm chromatin structure assessment. Hum Reprod 2009; 24: 1569– 1574.

[20] Hofmann N, Hilscher B. Use of aniline blue to assess chromatin condensation in morphologically normal spermatozoa in normal and infertile men. Hum Reprod 1991; 6: 979–982.

[21] Kazerooni T, Asadi N, Jadid L, Kazerooni M, Ghandi AR, Ghaffarpasand F, et al. Evaluation of sperm’s chromatin quality with acridine orange test, chromomycin A3 and aniline blue staining in couples with unexplained recurrent abortion. J Assist Reprod Genet 2009; 26: 591–596.

[22] Evenson DP. The sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA®) and other sperm DNA fragmentation tests for evaluation of sperm nuclear DNA integrity as related to fertility. Anim Reprod Sci 2016; 169: 56–75.

[23] Maneesh M, Dutta S, Chakrabarti A, Vasudevan DM. Alcohol abuse-duration dependent decrease in plasma testosterone and antioxidants in males. Indian J Physion Pharmacol 2006; 50: 291–296.

[24] Nagy F, Pendergrass B, Bowen DC, Yeager JC. A comparative study of cytological and physiological parameters of semen obtained from alcoholics and non-alcoholics. Alcohol Alcohol 1986; 21: 17–23.

[25] Ricci E, Al Beitawi S, Cipriani S, Candiani M, Chiaffarino F, Vigano P, et al. Semen quality and alcohol intake: A systematic review and metaanalysis. Reprod BioMed Online 2017; 34: 38–47.

[26] Agarwal A, Sekhon LH. The role of antioxidant therapy in the treatment of male infertility. Hum Fertil 2010; 13: 217–225.

[27] Sheweita SA, Tilmisany AM, Al-Sawaf H. Mechanisms of male infertility: Role of antioxidants. Curr Drug Metab 2005; 6: 495–501.

[28] Joo KJ, Kwom YW, Myung SC, Kim TH. The effects of smoking and alcohol intake on sperm quality: Light and transmission electron microscopy findings. J Int Med Res 2012; 40: 2327–2335.

[29] Martinez M, Macera S, de Assis GF, Pinherio PFF, Almeida CCD, Tirapelli LF, et al. Structural evaluation of the effects of chronic ethanol ingestion on the testis of Calomys callosus. Tissue Cell 2009; 41: 199– 205.

[30] Armstrong JS, Rajasekaran M, Chamulitrat W, Gatti P, Hellstrom WJ, Sikka SC. Characterization of reactive oxygen species induced effects on human spermatozoa movement and energy metabolism. Free Radic Biol Med 1999; 26: 869–880.

[31] Makker K, Agarwal A, Sharma R. Oxidative stress and male infertility. Indian J Med Res 2009; 129: 357–367.

[32] Bansal AK, Bilaspuri GS. Impacts of oxidative stress and antioxidants on semen functions. Vet Med Int 2010; 2010: 686137.

[33] Dias TR, Alves MG, Silva BM, Oliveira PF. Sperm glucose transport and metabolism in diabetic individuals. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2014; 396: 37–45.

[34] Zakhari S. Overview: How is alcohol metabolized by the body? Alcohol Res Health 2006; 29: 245–254.

[35] Wu D, Cederbaum AI. Alcohol, oxidative stress, and free radical damage. Alcohol Res Health 2003; 27: 277–284.

[36] Rahimipour M, Talebi AR, Anvari M, Abbasi Sarcheshmeh A, Omidi M. Effects of different doses of ethanol on sperm parameters, chromatin structure and apoptosis in adult mice. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2013; 170: 423–428.

[37] Pourentezari M, Talebi AR, Mangoli E, Anvari M, Rahimipour M. Additional deleterious effects of alcohol consumption on sperm parameters and DNA integrity in diabetic mice. Andrologia 2016; 48: 564– 569.

[38] Biswas A, Mohan J, Sastry KVH. Effect of higher dietary vitamin E concentrations on physical and biochemical characteristics of semen in Kadaknath cockerels. Br Polut Sci 2009; 50: 733–738.

[39] Carrell DT, Emery BR, Hammoud S. Altered protamine expression and diminished spermatogenesis: What is the link? Hum Reprod Update 2007; 13: 313–327.

[40] Talebi AR, Abbasi Sarcheshmeh A, Khalili MA, Tabibnejad N. Effects of ethanol consumption on chromatin condensation and DNA integrity of epididymal spermatozoa in rat. Alcohol 2011; 45: 403–409.

[41] Zhu Q, Meisinger J, Emanuele MA, La Paglia N, Van Thiel DH. Ethanol exposure enhances apoptosis within the testes. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2000; 24: 1550–1556.

[42] Tavalaee M, Nasr-Esfahani MH, Deemeh MR. Etiology and evaluation of sperm chromatin anomalies. Int J Fertil Steril 2008; 2: 1–8.

[43] Cooke MS, Evans MD, Dizdaroglu M, Lunec J. Oxidative DNA damage: Mechanisms, mutation, and disease. FASEB J 2003; 17: 1195–1214.

[44] Bailey SM, Patel VB, Young TA, Asayama K, Cunningham CC. Chronic ethanol consumption alters the glutathione/glutathione peroxidase−1 system and protein oxidation status in rat liver. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2001; 25: 726–733.