Published date: Aug 29 2021

Journal Title: ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M.

Issue title: Volume 1, Issue 2

Pages: 1007–1015

DOI: 10.18502/espoch.v1i2.9526

Valeria Moreno Herediavaleria.morenoheredia@uqconnect.edu.auInvestigadora Independiente, Riobamba, Ecuador

Yellow rust is caused by the fungus Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici (Pst), which due to its great migratory capacity, adaptation to different environments, and high levels of mutation; is one of the most devastating wheat diseases worldwide. Due to this, several strategies have been implemented to control the disease, the best being genetic improvement. The key to develop resistant cultivars is understanding the interactions between wheat and Pst. Therefore, this work synthesizes the most important investigations carried out in the last 30 years regarding: cellular, histological, and molecular interactions between wheat and Pst. This will allow a deeper and more complete understanding of the interaction between resistance and virulence genes in the yellow rust disease. The results of this work revealed that the early stage of infection, in susceptible and resistant cultivars, is the same qualitatively, but not quantitatively. However, a clear difference at the histological and molecular level, in terms of the amount and type of genes expressed, begins 48 hours after infection. It was also found that the haustorium, in addition to absorbing nutrients from the host; can also manipulate its metabolism to benefit itself, and can make some nutrients on its own.

Keywords: haustorio, Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici, histological, resistance genes, virulence genes.

Resumen

La roya amarilla es causada por el hongo Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici (Pst), el cual debido a su gran capacidad migratoria, adaptación a diferentes ambientes, y niveles altos de mutación; es la enfermedad más devastadoras del trigo a nivel mundial. Debido a esto, varias estrategias han sido implementadas para controlar la enfermedad, siendo la mejor, el mejoramiento genético. La clave para desarrollar cultivares resistentes, es el entendimiento de las interacciones entre el trigo y Pst. Por lo tanto, este trabajo sintetiza las investigaciones más importantes realizadas en los últimos 30 años, en cuanto a interacciones celulares, histológicas y moleculares entre el trigo y Pst. Esto permitirá un entendimiento más profundo y completo de la interacción entre los genes de resistencia y virulencia, en la enfermedad de la roya. Los resultados revelaron que la fase temprana de infección en cultivares susceptibles y resistentes, es igual cualitativamente, pero no cuantitativamente. Sin embargo, una diferencia clara a nivel histológico y molecular, en cuanto a la cantidad y al tipo de genes expresados, empieza 48 hr post infección. También, se halló que el haustorio además de absorber nutrientes del huésped, también manipula el metabolismo de éste para su beneficio y puede elaborar algunos nutrientes por sí mismo.

Palabras Clave: haustorio, Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici, histológico, genes de resistencia, genes de virulencia.

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