Published date: Jun 14 2022

Journal Title: ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M.

Issue title: Volume 2, Issue 1

Pages: 172-185

DOI: 10.18502/espoch.v2i2.11192

F. GallegoTADEC (Técnicos Agropecuarios del Ecuador), Gerencia en Ventas, Ambato, Ecuador

A. ManchenoCarrera de Zootecnia, Facultad de Ciencias Pecuarias, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Riobamba, Ecuador

L. MenaCarrera de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias Pecuarias, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Riobamba, Ecuador

A. Murilloantonio.murillo@espoch.edu.ecCarrera de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias Pecuarias, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Riobamba, Ecuador

In the last 10 years, bovine in vitro embryo production has shown significant progress on a global level, partly driven by a better understanding of technology potential in the livestock sector. Importantly, in 2016, the number of viable bovine embryos produced in vitro exceeded the number of transferable embryos derived in vivo (multiple ovulation embryo transfer, MOET). In vitro embryo production (PIVE) requires the correct formulation of culture media to allow the development of oocytes and embryos. In cattle, the PIVE process includes three sequential processes in vitro: maturation of oocytes, fertilization of matured oocytes, and culture of fertilized oocytes to obtain embryo development of blastocyst. In vitro-produced blastocysts can be transferred fresh to synchronized recipients or be cryopreserved (vitrified or frozen) for later transfer or commercialization. These assisted reproduction techniques have demonstrated acceptable outcomes in livestock, helping technicians and farmers to improve reproductive performance, production efficiency, and genetic progress.

Keywords: bovine, in vitro, embryo, reproduction, technology.

RESUMEN

En los últimos 10 años, la producción de embriones bovinos in vitro ha mostrado un progreso significativo a escala mundial, en parte impulsado por una mejor comprensión del potencial de esta tecnología en el sector ganadero. Es importante destacar que en 2016, el número de embriones bovinos viables producidos in vitro superó al número de embriones transferibles producidos in vivo (transferencia de embriones de ovulación múltiple, MOET). La producción in vitro de embriones (PIVE) requiere la formulación correcta de medios de cultivo que permitan el desarrollo de ovocitos y embriones. En bovinos, el proceso de PIVE incluye tres procesos secuenciales in vitro: la maduración de ovocitos, la fecundación de los ovocitos madurados y el cultivo de cigotos hasta alcanzar el desarrollo embrionario de blastocisto. Los blastocistos producidos in vitro pueden ser transferidos en fresco a receptoras sincronizadas o pueden ser criopreservados (vitrificados o congelados) para su posterior transferencia o comercialización. Estas técnicas de reproducción asistida han sido probadas con éxito en el campo comercial, ayudando a técnicos y productores de ganado bovino a mejorar el desempeño reproductivo, la eficiencia productiva y la mejora genética.

Palabras Clave: bovino, in vitro, embrión, reproducción, tecnología.

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