Sudan Journal of Medical Sciences

ISSN: 1858-5051

High-impact research on the latest developments in medicine and healthcare across MENA and Africa

Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of a Sudanese Herbal Plant (Piliostigma reticulatum)

Published date: Dec 26 2018

Journal Title: Sudan Journal of Medical Sciences

Issue title: Sudan JMS: Volume 13 (2018), Issue No. 4

Pages: 264–276

DOI: 10.18502/sjms.v13i4.3599

Authors:

S. K. KafiEmail: N/A
Affiliation:
Biography:

F. M. AbdallaEmail: N/A
Affiliation:
Biography:

M. S. EljackEmail: N/A
Affiliation:
Biography:

S. K. Kafi

F. M. Abdalla

M. S. Eljack

Abstract:

Background: Piliostigma reticulatum is a plant that is found in a wide area of SaheloSudanian region of Africa. It is widely used in Africa as a traditional medicine for the treatment of a wide range of diseases including epilepsy, anxiety, and agitation. The leaf extract was found to have antimicrobial activity. In Sudan (Nuba mountains in particular), it is widely used to dress new wounds and as well puerperal sepsis.
Moreover it’s fruit is eaten and used to prepare juice. Reported studies concerning antimicrobial activity of the plant in Sudan could not be found. This study therefore aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial action of Ethanolic and Aqueous extract of leaves and barks of the plant.


Methods: Barks and leaves of P. reticulatum were obtained from North Kordofan State. They were then air dried in the shade and milled into powder using Mortar. Methanolic and water extract of each part of the plant was prepared using a Soxhlet apparatus. The following concentrations of extracts of each part (bark and leaves)
of the plant were prepared using Distilled water (50 mg/ml, 25 mg/ml, 12.5 mg/ml, 6.25 mg/ml, 3.125 mg/ml, and 1.56 mg/ml). Antimicrobial action of the different concentrations of the extracts of the two parts of the plant on selected bacterial and fungal species was performed using well diffusion technique. Antimicrobial
susceptibility of the tested organisms to serial concentrations (40 µg, 20 µg, 10 µg, and 5 µg) of three antibacterial (Gentamicin, Ampicillin, and Tetracycline) and 2 antifungal (Nystatin and clotrimazole) was evaluated using well diffusion method.

Results: The methanolic extract of P. reticulatum leaves showed high antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis (inhibition zone 22 mm), S. aureus (25 mm), P.
aeruginosa (23 mm), and E.coli (20 mm). The extract also showed antifungal activity against A. niger (23 mm) and C. albicans (23 mm). The aqueous extract revealed low activity against P. aeruginosa (10 mm) and no action on the rest of the microorganisms.

References:

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[12] Awe, S. and Omojasola, P. F. (2009). A comparative study of the antibacterial activity of Piliostigma reticulatum bark extract with some antibiotics. Ethnobotanical Leaflets, vol. 2009, no. 9, article 11.

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