Published date: Jan 15 2020

Journal Title: KnE Life Sciences

Issue title: International Applied Research Conference «Biological Resources Development and Environmental Management»

Pages: 141–151

DOI: 10.18502/kls.v5i1.6037

Nikolay Ilmastilmast@mail.ruInstitute of Biology, Karelian Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Petrozavodsk, Russian Federation

Dmitry SendekState Research Institute on Lake and River Fisheries, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation

Elena ZuykovaInstitute of Systematic and Ecology of Animals, Siberian branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation

Nikolay MilyanchukInstitute of Biology, Karelian Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Petrozavodsk, Russian Federation

Denis SavosinInstitute of Biology, Karelian Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Petrozavodsk, Russian Federation

Aleksandra BorisovskayaState Research Institute on Lake and River Fisheries, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation

Maksim AlekseevKnipovich Polar Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography, Murmansk, Russian Federation

Nikolay BochkarevInstitute of Systematic and Ecology of Animals, Siberian branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation

In Lake Onega, the whitefish Coregonus lavaretus has been shown to occur as a variety of forms. Medium- and sparsely-ranked whitefish are most abundant. Analysis of available data indicates that whitefish populations from Karelia’s large lakes display the maximum values of various genetic variability indices. This fact seems to be due to the history of the colonization of the lake by the discrete evolutionary whitefish lineages from various Late Quaternary habitats followed by their hybridization. A great variety of Onega whitefish haplotypes is probably related to the genetic heterogeneity of the whitefish who until recently had occurred as five ecological forms ranking as subspecies. The median network obtained suggests that many of the populations studied have become less abundant. The well-defined “star-like” network structure is characteristic of populations that passed through a narrow “bottleneck” in the near past and then expanded rapidly, as indicated by the abundance of rare haplotype varieties. It seems that the retreat of the Scandinavian glacier was not a momentary event but took a long time during which the populations formed were subjected to demographic transformations.

[1] Berg, L.S. (1948). Freshwater fish of the USSR and neighboring countries. Moscow-Leningrad: Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR.

[2] Pravdin, I. F. (1954). Whitefish of water bodies of the Karelian-Finnish SSR. Moscow-Leningrad: Academy of Sciences of the USSR.

[3] Reshetnikov, Yu. S., Slugin, I. V., Mamontova, T. G. (1979). About sympatric populations of whitefish of Anadyr River. Variability of fish in freshwater ecosystems, Moscow: Nauka. pp. 113–136.

[4] Reshetnikov, Yu. S. (1980). Ecology and taxonomy of whitefish. Moscow: Nauka.

[5] Bochkarev, N. A., Zuykova, E. I., Solovyev, M. M. (2018). Secondary intergradation of various forms of pidschian-like whitefishes (Coregonus lavaretus sensu lato, Coregonidae) in the water bodies of the Altai-Sayan mountains. Russian Journal of Genetics: Applied Research, vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 178–189.

[6] Sendek, D.S. (2004). The origin of sympatric forms of – European whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus (L.) in Lake Ladoga based on comparative genetic analysis of populations in North-West Russia. Ann. Zool. Fennici., No 41, pp. 25–39.

[7] Xu, R. (2002). Particle Characterization: Light Scattering Methods. New York, NY: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

[8] (1999). Onega Lake. Ecological problems Petrozavodsk: Karelian Research Centre, Russian academy of Sciences.

[9] Indexers. Port Aransas, TX: American Society of Indexers.

[10] (2013). Lakes of Karelia. Reference Book. Petrozavodsk: Karelian Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences.

[11] Reshetnikov, Yu. S., Lukin, A. A. (2006). Modern state of the diversity of Coregonids from Onega Lake and the problems of their species identification. Journal of Ichthyology, vol. 46, no. 9, pp. 694–708.

[12] Tajima, F. (1989). Statistical method for testing the neutral mutation hypothesis by DNA polymorphism. Genetics, vol. 123(3), pp. 585–595.

[13] Fu, Y. X. (1997). Statistical tests of neutrality of mutations against population growth, hitchhiking and background selection. Genetics, vol. 147(2), pp. 915–925.

[14] Bandelt, H. J., Forster, P., Röhl, A. (1999). Median–joining networks for inferring intraspecific phylogenies. Mol. boil. and Evol., 1999. vol. 16, pp. 37–48.

[15] Jacobsen, M. W., Hansen, M. M., Orlando, L., Bekkevold, D., Bernatchez, L., Willerslev, E. and Gilbert, M.T. (2012). Mitogenome sequencing reveals shallow evolutionary histories and recent divergence time between morphologically and ecologically distinct European whitefish (Coregonus spp.). Mol. Ecol., vol. 21(11), pp. 2727–2742.

[16] Ilmast, N. V., Sendek, D. S., Titov, S. F., Abramov, S. A., Zuykova, E. I., Bochkarev, N. A. (2016) On the differentiation of the ecological forms/subspecies of the whitefish Coregonus lavaretus from Lake Kamennoye. Proceedings of Petrozavodsk State University, No 4 (157), pp. 42–53.

[17] Winkler, K., Pamminger-Lahnsteiner, B., Wanzenböck, J. and Weiss, S. (2011). Hybridization and restricted gene flow between native and introduced stocks of Alpine whitefish (Coregonus sp.) across multiple environments. Mol. Ecol., vol. 20(3), pp. 456–472.

[18] Pervozvansky, V. Y. (1983). Whitefish Coregonus lavaretus (L.) in water bodies of the Kamennaya river system. Salmonids (Salmonidae) of Karelia. Petrozavodsk: Karelian branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences, pp. 42–74.