Published date: Nov 08 2024

Journal Title: KnE Social Sciences

Issue title: International Conference of Psychology 2024 (ICoPsy 2024)

Pages: 122–132

DOI: 10.18502/kss.v9i30.17511

Khasdyah Dwi Dewi Setyoningtiaskhasdyah.dwi.fpsi@um.ac.idDepartment of Psychology, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang

Lina MahardianaDepartment of Economics and Business, Universitas Tadulako, Palu

Arya Yudha NugrahaDepartment of Psychology, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang

Resi Shaumia Ratu Eka PermataDepartment of Psychology, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang

Jati FatmawiyatiDepartment of Psychology, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang

Leysi RiquelmeInteramerican University of Panama, Panama, Central America

Sexual harassment in the workplace is a societal norm that generates discomfort, especially among women. This study aims to detect and address patterns of sexual harassment in the workplace from an industrial and organizational psychology perspective. They are analyzing data using a literature review research strategy. The identification results revealed that five identifiable aspects of sexual harassment occurred. The specified process begins with the leader’s roles and then progresses to constructing other cultures, the victim’s emotional labor, and decreasing their performance. Based on this, we argue that sexual harassment can be avoided by enhancing the organization’s and its leaders’ tasks, as well as establishing a neutral institute to take care of workplace sexual harassment accusations.

Keywords: pattern of sexual harassment, sexual harassment at work, sexual harassment treatment, gender equality

[1] Napitupulu SP, Sihotang H. The Impact of Sexual Violence on Social Life and Strategies for Handling Sexual Violence Cases [Dampak Kekerasan Seksual dalam Kehidupan Sosial dan Strategi Penanganan Kasus Kekerasan Seksual]. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai. 2023;7(3):31692–702.

[2] Ministry of Women’s Empowerment and Child Protection. (2024). Map of Distribution of Number of Violence Cases in 2024 [Peta Sebaran Jumlah Kasus Kekerasan Tahun 2024]. Retrieved May 8, 2024, from SIMFONI-PPA website: https://kekerasan. kemenpppa.go.id/ringkasan

[3] National Commission on Violence Against Women. (2024). Press Release from the National Commission on Violence Against Women regarding the Launch of the Annual Record of Violence Against Women in 2023 [Siaran Pers Komnas Perempuan tentang Peluncuran Catatan Tahunan Kasus Kekerasan Terhadap Perempuan Tahun 2023]. Retrieved May 8, 2024, from Komnas Perempuan | Komisi Nasional Anti Kekerasan Terhadap Perempuan website: https://komnasperempuan.go.id/siaranpers- detail/siaran-pers-komnas-perempuan-tentang-peluncuran-catatan-tahunankasus- kekerasan-terhadap-perempuan-tahun-2023

[4] Never Okay Project. (2022, March 8). Sexual Violence in the World of Work, KILO 190 Increasingly Important [Kekerasan Seksual di Dunia Kerja, KILO 190 Makin Penting]. Retrieved May 8, 2024, from Never Okay Project website:

[5] Hastie B. Workplace Sexual Harassment and the “Unwelcome” Requirement: An Analysis of BC Human Rights Tribunal Decisions from 2010 to 2016. Can J Women Law. 2020;32(1):61–84.

[6] Fairchild K, Rudman LA. Everyday Stranger Harassment and Women’s Objectification. Soc Justice Res. 2008;21(3):338–57.

[7] Worke MD, Koricha ZB, Debelew GT. Perception and experiences of sexual harassment among women working in hospitality workplaces of Bahir Dar city, Northwest Ethiopia: a qualitative study. BMC Public Health. 2021 Jun;21(1):1119.

[8] Nurbayani S, Dede M, Widiawaty MA. Utilizing library repository for sexual harassment study in Indonesia: A systematic literature review. Heliyon. 2022 Aug;8(8):e10194.

[9] Harding S. Discovery Reality, Feminist Perspective on Epistemology, Metaphysics, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science. Yogyakarta: Kluwer Academic Publisher; 2004.

[10] Aslamiah, R., & Pinem, M. L. (2020). Silent Crimes: Portraits of Sexual Harassment of Women Workers [Kejahatan Sunyi: Potret Pelecehan Seksual Buruh Perempuan]. Jurnal Sosiologi USK (Media Pemikiran & Aplikasi), 14(1). https://doi.org/10.24815/jsu. v14i1.17759.

[11] Cassol H, Pétré B, Degrange S, Martial C, Charland-Verville V, Lallier F, et al. Qualitative thematic analysis of the phenomenology of near-death experiences. PLoS One. 2018 Feb;13(2):e0193001.

[12] Gale, S., Mordukhovich, I., Newlan, S., & McNeely, E. (2019). The Impact of Workplace Harassment on Health in a Working Cohort. Frontiers in Psychology, p. 10, 1181. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01181.

[13] Dwiyanti F. Sexual Harassment of Women in the Workplace (Case Study of DKI Jakarta Province Satpol PP Office) [Pelecehan Seksual Pada Perempuan Di Tempat Kerja (Studi Kasus Kantor Satpol PP Provinsi DKI Jakarta)]. Jurnal Kriminologi Indonesia. 2014;10(1):29–36.

[14] Yadav N, Kiran UV. Occupational Stress among Security Guards. Journal for Studies in Management and Planning. 2015;1(7):21–31.

[15] León-Pérez JM, Cantero-Sánchez FJ, Fernández-Canseco Á, León-Rubio JM. Effectiveness of a Humor-Based Training for Reducing Employees’ Distress. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Oct;18(21):11177.

[16] Maulana M. (2021). The Workplace is Still Not Safe and Comfortable for Women [Tempat Kerja Masih Belum Aman dan Nyaman bagi Perempuan]. Retrieved May 8, 2024, from International NGO Forum on Indonesia Development—INFID website

[17] Suprihatin S, Azis AM. Sexual Harassment of Female Journalists in Indonesia [Pelecehan Seksual Pada Jurnalis Perempuan di Indonesia]. PALASTREN Jurnal Studi Gender. 2020;13(2):413.

[18] Yaqoob A. Harassment of Women at Workplace. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development. 2019;3(4):185–9.

[19] Hames ME. (2023). Harassment in the Workplace: Leadership Impact and the Role of the Compliance and Ethics Practitioner. Retrieved May 8, 2024, from COSMOS Compliance Universe website: https://compliancecosmos.org/harassment-workplaceleadership- impact-and-role-compliance-and-ethics-practitioner

[20] Offiong EE, Eyo EI, Offiong AE. Patriarchy, Culture and the Social Development of Women in Nigeria. Journal of Art, Humanity, and Social Studies. 2021;1(4):79–86.

[21] Son Hing LS, Sakr N, Sorenson JB, Stamarski CS, Caniera K, Colaco C. Gender inequities in the workplace: A holistic review of organizational processes and practices. Hum Resour Manage Rev. 2023;33(3):100968.

[22] Diwan I, Vartanova I. (2017). The Effect of Patriarchal Culture on Women’s Labor Force Participation (Working Paper No. 1101; pp. 1–37). Egypt: The Economic Research Forum (ERF). Retrieved from The Economic Research Forum (ERF) website: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/ 347229071_The_Effect_of_Patriarchal_Culture_on_Women’s_Labor_Force_Participation

[23] Riley KE, Topliff DR. (2019). How do Emotional Labor and Sexual Harassment Influence Job-Related Affective Well-Being in Restaurant Servers? (Master Thesis). Angelo State University, United States.

[24] Miller KC, Lewis SC. Journalists, harassment, and emotional labor: the case of women in on-air roles at US local television stations. Journalism. 2022;23(1):79–97.

[25] Hutagalung F, Ishak Z. Sexual Harassment: A Predictor to Job Satisfaction and Work Stress among Women Employees. Procedia Soc Behav Sci. 2012;65:723–30.

[26] Zeighami, M., Zakeri, M. A., Mangolian Shahrbabaki, P., & Dehghan, M. (2022). Strategies to prevent workplace sexual harassment among Iranian nurses: A qualitative study. Frontiers in Psychology, p. 13, 912225. https://doi.org/10.3389/ fpsyg.2022.912225.

[27] Liao X, Lyu B, Abbas J. Sexual harassment in the workplace: Rituals as Prevention and Management Strategies in COVID-19 Crisis. Heliyon. 2023 Aug;9(9):e19530.