KnE Social Sciences

ISSN: 2518-668X

The latest conference proceedings on humanities, arts and social sciences.

Two Decades of Women's Affirmative Action in Indonesia: Some Reflections and Recommendations

Published date: Jul 30 2024

Journal Title: KnE Social Sciences

Issue title: 2nd International Conference on Gender, Culture and Society (2nd ICGCS)

Pages: 316–323

DOI: 10.18502/kss.v9i23.16734

Authors:

Yulia Dwijayanti

Yuda Satria Amanda

Nandito Putra

Andhik Beni Saputra - andhikbeni@soc.unand.ac.id

Abstract:

Democracy essentially requires equal rights between men and women. Both men and women should have equal opportunity to participate in public affairs such as politics. However, women’s political participation remains low compared to men. Women face many obstacles in expressing their political views, particularly in electoral politics. To address the issue, the government has adopted affirmative action by setting a gender quota to enhance women’s political representation. However, the quota does not automatically increase women’s electability parliament. Indonesia is an example of this case. Women’s political representation has never exceeded 30% since the introduction of direct elections. We used a qualitative method for this study. We found that four reasons cause the issue – women’s socio-political capital, the weakness of party institutionalization, the strict political competition among candidates, and voters’ pragmatic behavior during elections. We concluded that there should be severe attempts from various parties – government, political party, and civil society – to increase women’s political representation. Our study matters for mainstreaming gender equality and pushing democracy more substantively.

Keywords: affirmative policy, Indonesia, women’s political representation.

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