Published date: Feb 07 2024

Journal Title: KnE Social Sciences

Issue title: International Conference of Applied Psychology (ICAP-H)

Pages: 423–438

DOI: 10.18502/kss.v9i5.15192

Ananda Yuni PratiwiFakultas Psikologi, Universitas Muhammadiyah, Malang, Indonesia

Ahmad Sulaimansulaiman_ahmad@umm.ac.idFakultas Psikologi, Universitas Muhammadiyah, Malang, Indonesia

Environmental problems seem endless, constantly impacting earth. One of the causes is humans who are reluctant to manage waste. The purpose of this research was to see the influence of transformational leadership and aspects of work motivation on pro-environmental behavior in employees. This research is a quantitative research with 145 subjects who are employees of the Gema Surya Kencana Cooperative and fall in the age group of 18–50 years. The scale used is the Pro Environmental Behavior Scale (PEB Scale), Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ Scale), and Motivation at Work Scale (MAWS). Data analysis was done using multiple linear regression techniques. Results show that transformational leadership has a significant influence on pro-environmental behavior with a significance value of P = 0.000 < 0.05. The autonomous motivation aspect did significantly affect pro-environmental behavior with a significance of 0.025 > 0.05 and the external motivation aspect did have a significant effect on pro-environmental behavior with a significance value of 0.024 > 0.05.

Keywords: transformational leadership, employee motivation, pro-environment behavior PRATIWI, et.al 1. Introduction

[1] Afsar B, Badir Y, Kiani US. Linking spiritual leadership and employee proenvironmental behavior: The influence of workplace spirituality, intrinsic motivation,and environmental passion. Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences. 2016;45:79– 88.

[2] Althnayan S, Alarifi A, Bajaba S, Alsabban A. Linking environmental transformational leadership, environmental organizational citizenship behavior, and organizational sustainability performance: A moderated mediation model. Sustainability (Basel). 2022;14(14):8779.

[3] Beugré CD, Acar W, Braun W. Transformational leadership in organizations: An environment-induced model. International Journal of Manpower. 2006;27(1):52–62.

[4] Blok V, Wesselink R, Studynka O, Kemp R. Encouraging sustainability in the workplace: A survey on the pro-environmental behaviour of university employees. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2015;106:55–67.

[5] Data Informasi Bencana Indonesia (DIBI). BNBP; 2023. https://dibi.bnpb.go.id/

[6] De Groot JI, Steg L. Relationships between value orientations, self-determined motivational types and pro-environmental behavioural intentions. Journal of Environmental Psychology. 2010;30(4):368–378.

[7] Deci EL, Ryan RM. The “what” and “why” of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior the “what” and “why” of goal pursuits: Human needs and the sel. Psychological Inquiry. 2000;11(4):37–41.

[8] Deci EL, Ryan RM. Self-determination theory: A macrotheory of human motivation, development, and health. Canadian Psychology. 2008;49(3):182–185.

[9] Deci EL, Ryan RM. Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior. Springer Science & Business Media; 2013.

[10] Fleming LE, McDonough N, Austen M, Mee L, Moore M, Hess P, et al. Oceans and Human Health: A rising tide of challenges and opportunities for Europe. Marine Environmental Research. 2014;99(30):16–19.

[11] Gabbatiss J. Mengapa hewan laut tidak bisa berhenti makan plastik? BBC News Indonesia. 2018. Available from: https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/vert-earth- 44278338

[12] Gagné M, Deci EL. Self-determination theory – Organizations and work. Journal of Organizational Behavior. 2005;26( June 2004):331–362.

[13] Gagné M, Forest J, Gilbert MH, Aubé C, Morin E, Malorni A. The motivation at work scale: validation evidence in two languages. Educational and Psychological Measurement. 2010;70(4):628–646.

[14] Gottman JM, Coan J, Carrere S, Swanson C, Gottman JM, Coan J, et al. Predicting marital happiness and stability from newlywed interactions. Published by NationalCouncil on Family Relations Predicting Marital Happiness and Stability from Newlywed Interactions. Journal of Marriage and Family. 1998;60(1):5–22.

[15] Graves LM, Sarkis J, Zhu Q. How transformational leadership and employee motivation combine to predict employee proenvironmental behaviors in China. Journal of Environmental Psychology. 2013;35:81–91.

[16] Grilli G, Curtis J. (2021). Encouraging pro-environmental behaviours: A review of methods and approaches. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2021;135(August 2020):110039.

[17] Guzmán VE, Muschard B, Gerolamo M, Kohl H, Rozenfeld H. Characteristics and skills of leadership in the context of Industry 4.0. Procedia Manuf. 2020;43:543–550.

[18] Han Z, Wang Q, Yan X. How responsible leadership motivates employees to engage in organizational citizenship behavior for the environment: A double-mediation model. Sustainability (Basel). 2019;11(3):605.

[19] Kura KM. Linking environmentally specific transformational leadership and environmental concern to green behaviour at work. Global Business Review. 2016;17(3):1S– 14S.

[20] Leadership T, Behavior P. Transformational leadership and pro-environmental behavior. 2019;6(2):113–137.

[21] Li W, Bhutto TA, Xuhui W, Maitlo Q, Zafar AU, Ahmed Bhutto N. Unlocking employees’ green creativity: The effects of green transformational leadership, green intrinsic, and extrinsic motivation. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020;255:120229.

[22] Li Z, Xue J, Li R, Chen H, Wang T. Environmentally specific transformational leadership and employee’s pro-environmental behavior: The mediating roles of environmental passion and autonomous motivation. Frontiers in Psychology. 2020;11( June):1408.

[23] Lindenberg S, Steg, L. Normative, gain and hedonic goal frames guiding. Journal of Social Issues. 2007;63:117–137.

[24] Markle GL. Pro-environmental behavior: Does it matter how it’s measured? Development and Validation of the Pro-Environmental Behavior Scale (PEBS). Human Ecology: An Interdisciplinary Journal. 2013;41(6):905–914.

[25] Moloney S, Horne RE, Fien J. Transitioning to low carbon communities-from behaviour change to systemic change: Lessons from Australia. Energy Policy. 2010;38(12):7614–7623.

[26] Niu X, Wang X, Xiao H. What motivates environmental leadership behaviour–an empirical analysis in Taiwan. Journal of Asian Public Policy. 2018;11(2):173–187.

[27] Nugroho YA, Asbari M, Purwanto A, Basuki S, Sudiyono RN, Fikri MA, et al. Transformational leadership and employees’ performance: the mediating role of motivation and work environment. EduPsyCouns: Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling. 2020;2(1):438–460.

[28] Oberer B, Erkollar A. Leadership 4.0: Digital leaders in the age of Industry 4.0. International Journal of Organizational Leadership. 2018a;7(4):404–412.

[29] Oberer B, Erkollar A. Leadership 4.0: Digital leaders in the age. International Journal of Organizational Leadership. 2018b;7(4):404–412.

[30] Omarova L, Jo SJ. Employee pro-environmental behavior: The impact of environmental transformational leadership and GHRM. Sustainability (Basel). 2022;14(4):2046.

[31] Paais M, Pattiruhu JR. Effect of motivation, leadership, and organizational culture on satisfaction and employee performance. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business. 2020;7(8):577–588.

[32] Pelletier LG, Dion S, Tuson K, Green-Demers I. Why do people fail to adopt environmental protective behaviors? Toward a taxonomy of environmental amotivation. Journal of Applied Social Psychology. 1999;29(12):2481–2504.

[33] Peng J, Chen X, Zou Y, Nie Q. Environmentally specific transformational leadership and team pro-environmental behaviors: The roles of pro-environmental goal clarity, pro-environmental harmonious passion, and power distance. Human Relations. 2021;74(11):1864–1888.

[34] Robertson JL, Barling J. Greening organizations through leaders’ influence on employees’ pro?environmental behaviors. Journal of Organizational Behavior. 2013;34(2):176–194.

[35] Saleem M, Mahmood F. Transformational leadership and employees’ creativity: A multi-mediation model. Journal of Management Research. 2018;5(1):1–21.

[36] Sampah Plasstik Terbanyak di Jakarta Berbentuk Styrofoam. Pergub DKI Soal Plastik sekali Pakai ’Tak Akan Signifikan’. (2020, July 21). BBC News Indonesia. Available from: https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/indonesia-51192299

[37] Sharpe EJ, Perlaviciute G, Steg L. Pro-environmental behaviour and support for environmental policy as expressions of pro-environmental motivation. Journal of Environmental Psychology. 2021;76( July):101650.

[38] Steg L, Vlek C. Encouraging pro-environmental behaviour: An integrative review and research agenda. Journal of Environmental Psychology. 2009;29(3):309–317.

[39] Tepper BJ, Percy PM. Structural validity of the multifactor leadership questionnaire. Educational and Psychological Measurement. 1994;54(3):734–744.

[40] Trépanier SG, Peterson C, Gagné M, Fernet C, Levesque-Côté J, Howard JL. Revisiting the Multidimensional Work Motivation Scale (MWMS). European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology. 2022;00(00):1–16.

[41] Wan ZW, Ismail M. ?? (Article) ? ??? (Information). Electron Libre. 2008;34(1):1–5.

[42] Whitmarsh L, O’Neill S. Green identity, green living? The role of proenvironmental self-identity in determining consistency across diverse proenvironmental behaviours. Journal of Environmental Psychology. 2010;30(3):305– 314.