KnE Social Sciences

ISSN: 2518-668X

The latest conference proceedings on humanities, arts and social sciences.

Towards a Moral Community: Moral Education Strategies in Indonesian Schools

Published date: May 16 2023

Journal Title: KnE Social Sciences

Issue title: International Conference on Learning Innovation and Research in Basic Education (ICLIRBE)

Pages: 166–185

DOI: 10.18502/kss.v8i8.13294

Authors:

Peter G Waterworthpewaterworth@yahoo.com.auDeakin University, Australia

Abstract:

 

Moral education is a foundational yet contestable matter in any society. Debates about moral education help to define the parameters of true and right conduct in a society. The contestable nature of moral education curricula in Indonesia perhaps indicates the critical importance of character development in national and cultural formation and in the continuous creation and recreation of national identity. This study of the nature of moral education in junior secondary schools in the Yogyakarta region used a qualitative focus group approach. Teachers, lecturers, and trainee teachers were selected to be formed into five focus groups designed to provide a deeper analysis of the conflicting understandings of the nature of morality and of the expression of that morality in the curriculum. The findings showed several areas of contradiction and confusion in moral education in schools, including differences in religious and secular conceptualizations of morality and differences between those who wanted to promote or exclude intercultural understandings of morality within the state.

Keywords: moral education, character education, morality, Pancasila, Indonesia

References:

[1] Elihami. “The challenge of religious education in Indonesian Multiculturalism.” J Educ Hum Dev. 2016;5(4):211-221. https://doi.org/10.15640/jehd.v5n4a20

[2] Al Hamdani, Djaswidi. “Character education in islamic education: Viewpoint.” Jurnal Pendidikan Islam. 2014;1(1):98-109. http://journal.uinsgd.ac.id/index.php/jpi/article/view/614

[3] Arnis S. “A closer look at character education in Indonesia: What every educator should know.” 2016. https://www.academia.edu/2344305/A_CLOSER_LOOK_AT_CHARACTER_EDUCATION_IN_

[4] Lyn P. “Commitment and inconsistency in teaching tolerance: The New Curriculum in Indonesia.” In: Yun-Kyung C, Seung-Hwan H, Moonsung L, editors. Routledge international handbook of multicultural education research in Asia Pacific. Abingdon: Routledge; 2018.

[5] Human Rights Watch. In Religion’s Name: Abuses against religious minorities in Indonesia. 2013. https://www.refworld.org/docid/513085c22.html

[6] Edward A, Greg F. “Introduction: Decentralisation, democratisation and the rise of the local.” In: Edward A, Greg F. editors. Local power and politics in Indonesia: Decentralisation and democratisation. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies; 2003. p. 1-11.

[7] Serata Institute. “West Java had Highest Number of Religious Freedom Violations in 2017, Jakarta close behind: Setara Institute”. 2018. http://setara-institute.org/en/westjava- had-highest-number-of-religious-freedom-violations-in-2017-jakarta-closebehind- setara-institute/

[8] Ian DW. “As long as it’s halal: Islamic preman in Jakarta.” In: Greg F, Sally W, editors. Expressing Islam: Religious life and politics in Indonesia. Singapore: ISEAS; 2008.

[9] Ismail H, Bonar TN. The faces of Islam ‘Defenders’. Jakarta: Setara Institute; 2011.

[10] Warren AN, Charles CH. Taking religion seriously across the curriculum. 1998. http://www.ascd.org/publications/books/198190.aspx

[11] Jo C. “Morals, ethics and citizenship in contemporary teaching.” In: Roy G, Jo C, Denis L, editors. Education for Values: Morals, Ethics and Citizenship in Contemporary Teaching. 2000. London: Kogan; 2000. p. 6-23.

[12] Melanie K, Judith GS. “Introduction,” In Killen M, Julie GS, editors. Handbook of moral development. New Jersey: Erlbaum; 2008. p. 1-4.

[13] Jean P. The moral judgement of the child. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul; 1932.

[14] Jean P. Genetic Epistemology. New York: Norton; 1970.

[15] Lawrence K. “The development of children’s orientations toward a moral order: 1. Sequence in the development of moral thought.” Vita Humana. 1963;6:11-33.

[16] Lawrence K. “The child as a moral philosopher.” Psychology Today. 1968;2:25-30.

[17] Lawrence K. “Stage and sequence: The cognitive-developmental approach to socialization.” In Goslin DA, editor. Handbook of socialization theory and research. Chicago: Rand McNally; 1969. p. 347-480.

[18] Elliot T. The culture of morality: Social development, context, and conflict. New York, NY, US: Cambridge University Press. 2002. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/60d2/ 2c8aadbbae6c44add13be08516da1c3d25a5.pdf

[19] Elliot T. “The development of morality.” In Eisenberg N, Damon W, Lerner RM, editors. Handbook of child psychology: Social, emotional, and personality development. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2006. p. 789-857.

[20] Daniel KL. “Moral stage theory.” In Melanie K, Judith GS, Editors. Handbook of moral development. Mahwah, NJ, US: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers; 2006. p. 37-66.

[21] Judith GS. “Social-cognitive development: Domain distinctions and coordinations.” Dev Rev. 1983;3:131-147.

[22] Gene HB, David RS. “Contributions of parents and peers to children’s moral socialization.” Dev Rev. 1982;2:31-72.

[23] Donna RW, Elliot T. “Act-rule relations: Children’s concept of social rules.” Dev Psychol. 1980;16:417-424.

[24] Samsul H, Moh TC. “Character education and the strategy of building independent learners.” Educ: J Educ. 2017;2(2):163-174. http://ejournal.staimnglawak.ac.id/index.php/educatio/article/view/12

[25] Martha CB, Irawan. “Islam, Pancasila and Value systems of Indonesian National Education.” Jurnal Pendidikan Islam. 2014;1(1):1-23. http://journal.uinsgd.ac.id/index.php/jpi/article/view/610/585

[26] Robert MF. “Moral education in Indonesia: A preliminary study.” Educación y Ciencia. 1990;1(1): 45–50.

[27] Uswatun Q. “Theories of moral education and implementation in Indonesia: Reenergising cultural identity and addressing future challenges.” Paper presented at the International Conference on Educational Research and Development, Surabaya; 2015. p. 1-11. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/93220/3/93220.pdf

[28] Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, Nomor 64 Tahun 2013. Tentang Standar Isi Pendidikan Dasar dan menengah. 2013.

[29] Muh S. “Historical study of the changes of religious and moral education in Indonesia.” J Indonesian Islam. 2014;8(1):39-57.

[30] Muslim H?Q. S?ah?ih?Muslim; being traditions of the sayings and doings of the prophet Muhammad as narrated by his companions and compiled under the title al-Jami?- us?-s?ah?ih?. Sh. Muhammad Ashraf. 1971.

[31] Mark HJ. “Editorial: Islamic values: A distinctive framework for moral education?” J Moral Educ. 2007;36(3):283–296.

[32] Ismail S. “Character education based on religious values: An Islamic perspective.” J Islamic Educ. 2016;21(1):41-58. jurnal. radenfatah.ac.id/index.php/tadib/article/download/744/pdf/

[33] Walid AS. The formation of the classical ”tafsir” tradition: The Qur'an commentary of al-Tha?labi. Leiden: Brill; 2004. https://www.worldcat.org/title/formationof- the-classical-tafsir-tradition-the-quran-commentary-of-al-thalabi-d- 4271035/oclc/884356190?referer=&ht=edition

[34] Adhil SM. Muhammad, man and Prophet: A complete study of the life of the Prophet of Islam. New York: Kube Publishing Ltd.;2010.

[35] Christopher B. Indonesian education: Teachers, schools, and central bureaucracy. Abingdon: Routledge; 2005.

[36] Benjamin CF. “Islamic morality in Late Ottoman ‘secular’ schools.” Int J Middle East Studies. 2000;32(3):369-393.

[37] Nasr SVR. ”European colonialism and the emergence of modern Muslim states.” In: Esposita JL, editors. The Oxford History of Islam. Oxford Islamic Studies Online. 2019. http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/book/islam-9780195107999/islam- 9780195107999-chapter-13

[38] Lukens-Bull, Ronald A. “Teaching morality: Javanese Islamic education in a globalizing era.”J Arabic and Islamic Studies. 2000;3:26-47. https://www.lancaster.ac.uk/jais/volume/docs/vol3/3_026-47_LUKENS1jun24a.pdf

[39] Piers G. “Current issues in Indonesian Islam: Analysing the 2005 Council of Indonesian Ulama Fatwa No. 7 Opposing Pluralism, Liberalism and Secularism.” J Islamic Stud. 2007;18(2):202-240.

[40] Astridya P, Lusi K. Teknik Focus Group Discussion Dalam Penelitian Kualitatif (Focus Group Discussion Tehnique in Qualitative Research). Buletin Penelitian Sistem Kesehatan. 2013;16(2).

[41] Gundumogula M. Importance of focus groups in qualitative research. Int J Hum Soc Sci (IJHSS). 2020 Nov 25;8(11):299-302.

[42] Cecilia W. “Moral development in culture: Diversity, tolerance, and justice.” In Killen M, Judith GS, editors. Handbook of moral development. New Jersey: Erlbaum; 2008. p. 211-22.

[43] Unni W. Generous betrayal: Politics of culture in the New Europe. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

[44] Larry PN, Elliot T. “God’s word, religious rules and their relation to Christian and Jewish Children’s Concepts of Morality.” Child Dev. 2002;64:1485-1491.

[45] Hujair AHS. “The role of religious education in forming tolerant individuals.” Indonesian J Interdiscip Islam Stud. 2017;1(1):77-89. https://journal.uii.ac.id/IJIIS/issue/view/1005

[46] Hartono, Yudi, Haryanto, Samsi, Asrowi, “Character education in the perspective of humanistic theory: A case study in Indonesia.” EDUCARE: Int J Educ Stud. 2018;10(2):95-108. http://journals.mindamas.com/index.php/educare/article/ view/948/856/

[47] Awalina M. “Value education and character in textbook of PAI and character in junior high school.” Jurnal Kajian Pendidikan Islam. 2017;9(2):163-187. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323338860_Value_education_and_character_in_

[48] John D. Theory of Moral Life. (1932; repr.). New York: Irvington Publishers; 1996.

[49] Al Hamdani, Djaswidi. “Character education in Islamic education: Viewpoint.” Jurnal Pendidikan Islam. 2014;1(1):98-109. http://journal.uinsgd.ac.id/index.php/jpi/article/view/614

[50] Xiangdong L. “The problem of character education and Kohlberg’s moral education: Critique from Dewey’s moral deliberation.” Philos Stud Educ. 2014;45:136-145. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1043685

[51] Ahmad MD, Peter GW. “Teaching the faith: Case studies from Indonesia and Australia.” J Religious Educ. 2012;60(1):59-69.

[52] Fattah H, Peter GW. “Applying critical thinking to values education.” Pendidikan Nilai (Values in Education). 2004;11(2):1-14.

Download
HTML
Cite
Share
statistics

281 Abstract Views

392 PDF Downloads