Published date: Apr 05 2021

Journal Title: KnE Life Sciences

Issue title: DonAgro: International Research Conference on Challenges and Advances in Farming, Food Manufacturing, Agricultural Research and Education

Pages: 693–700

DOI: 10.18502/kls.v0i0.9006

Vasily Vlasenko vvs-76@list.ruOmsk State Agrarian University, 2, Institutskaya Square, Omsk, Russia

Valentina PleshakovaOmsk State Agrarian University, 2, Institutskaya Square, Omsk, Russia

Sayat BayseitovOmsk State Agrarian University, 2, Institutskaya Square, Omsk, Russia

Nadezhda LeschevaOmsk State Agrarian University, 2, Institutskaya Square, Omsk, Russia

This study examined the immunity dynamics of bovine brucellosis-complicated leukemia, as well as the efficacy of treatment with betulin. Blood serum samples were taken from cows with specific brucellosis antibodies and bovine leukemia virus antibodies based on the results of complex diagnostic studies. Animals (n = 5) selected based on serological studies were injected subcutaneously with betulin-PEG three times with an interval of 7 days at a dose of 10 mg/kg. Blood was taken for hematological and immunological studies before the injection, and after the first, second and third injections. It was found that leukemia and brucellosis infections were accompanied by a significant increase in the number of leukocytes and lymphoid cells, as well as strong fluctuations in the leukocyte functional and metabolic activity parameters (from insignificant in some individual animals to significantly increased in others). Immunological restructuring of the body after triplicate administration of betulin-PEG was characterized by the restoration of the number of lymphoid cells to the level of clinically healthy animals, as well as a significant increase in the functional and metabolic activity of the neutrophilic granulocytes, especially their oxygen-dependent systems. Based on the results, the product is recommended as an effective means to restrain the leukemia process that is complicated with associated infection, as well as to use for seronegative animals in order to increase nonspecific resistance to BLV infection.

Keywords: leukemia, brucellosis, cattle, immune status, betulin, immunocorrection, associated infection

[1] Bartlett, P., et al. (2014). Options for the Control of Bovine Leukemia Virus in Dairy Cattle. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, vol. 244, issue 8, pp. 914-922.

[2] Frie, M. and Coussens, P. (2015). Bovine Leukemia Virus: A Major Silent Threat to Proper Immune Responses in Cattle. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, vol. 163, issue 3-4, pp. 103-114.

[3] Şevik, M., Avci, O. and İnce, O. (2015). An 8-Year Longitudinal Seroepidemiological Study of Bovine Leukemia Virus (BLV) Infection in Dairy Cattle in Turkey and Analysis of Risk Factors Associated with BLV Seropositivity. Tropical Animal Health and Production, vol. 47, pp. 715-720.

[4] Kabeya, H., Ohashi, K. and Onuma, M. (2001). Host Immune Responses in the Course of Bovine Leukemia Virus Infection. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, vol. 63, pp. 703-708.

[5] Gillet, N., et al. (2007) Mechanisms of Leukemogenesis Induced by Bovine Leukemia Virus: Prospects for Novel Anti-Retroviral Therapies in Human. Retrovirology, vol. 4, p. 18.

[6] Konnai, S., Murata, S. and Ohashi, K. (2017). Immune Exhaustion during Chronic Infections in Cattle. J Vet Med Sci., vol. 79, issue 1, pp. 1-5.

[7] Smirnov, P. N., et al. (2009). The Problem of Associative Infections and Parasites: Features of the Immune Response, Methodology of Control and Prevention. Novosibirsk State Agrarian University Bulletin, vol. 4, issue 12, pp. 30-34.

[8] Aleksandrov, I. D. (2012). The Basis in the Fight against Bovine Leukemia. Veterinary Pathology, vol. 2, pp. 126-128.

[9] Gizatullin, I. A. and Gizatullina, F. G. (2014). Influence of Riposol on the Biochemical Blood Status of Cows Infected with BLV. Scientific Notes of Kazan State Academy of Veterinary Medicine Named After N.E. Bauman, vol. 219, issue 3, pp. 117-121.

[10] Smirnov, Y. P. and Suvorova, I. L. (2017). Possibilities of Immunomodulation to Increase the Resistance of Calves to Leukemia Virus Infection. Agricultural Science of Euro-North-East, vol. 5, issue 60, pp. 47-51.

[11] Tolstikov, G. A., et al. (2005). Betulin and its Derivatives. Chemistry and Biological Activity. Chemistry for Sustainable Development, vol. 13, issue 1, pp. 1-30.

[12] Salvador, J. A. R., et al. (2014). Chapter 2 – Highlights of Pentacyclic Triterpenoids in the Cancer Settings. Studies in Natural Products Chemistry, vol. 41, pp. 33–73.

[13] Jonnalagadda, S. C., et al. (2017). Chapter 2 – Recent Developments on the Synthesis and Applications of Betulin and Betulinic Acid Derivatives as Therapeutic Agents. Studies in Natural Products Chemistry, vol. 53, pp. 45–84.

[14] Krasikov, A. P., et al. (2019). Dynamics of Immunological Parameters of Cattle Infected with Leukemia Virus and its Correction with Betulin-Based Medication. In The Fifth Technological Order: Prospects for the Development and Modernization of the Russian Agro-Industrial Sector (TFTS 2019). Paris: Atlantis Press.

[15] Bazhin, M. A., et al. (1989). Methods to Assess the Immunity T- and B-Systems in Cattle with Brucellosis and Tuberculosis: Guidelines. Omsk: Omsk Regional Printing House.

[16] Degtyarenko, L. V., et al. (2017). Methods for the Immunological Evaluation of Animals Sensitized With Altered Forms of Brucella: A Methodological Guide. Moscow-Omsk: LITERA.

[17] Shubich, M. G. (1974). Detection of Cationic Protein in the Leukocyte Cytoplasm Using Bromphenol Blue. Cytology, vol. 16, issue 10, pp. 1321-1322.