Published date: Jun 19 2018

Journal Title: KnE Life Sciences

Issue title: International Conference of Occupational Health and Safety (ICOHS 2017)

Pages: 414–423

DOI: 10.18502/kls.v4i5.2572

N Juniantonikojunianto16@gmail.com

K Oginawati

Construction sector is one of the main pillars in the economic development of the world, including Indonesia. However, the number of occupational accidents in the construction sector is still relatively high until now. 60 to 70 percent of occupational accidents in many employment sectors are caused by human errors. Therefore, the
analysis of human error is important to be implemented. The objectives of this study were to know the stages/ types of work in the project with the greatest risk, to know the type of occupational accident with the highest HEP (human error probability), to know the main cause of human error occurred, as well as to know the implementation of health and safety in the project based on human error analysis performed. The methods used in this research were PSF (performance shaping factor)-based risk assessment and HEART (human error assessment and reduction technique). The research tools used for the primary data collection were interview and observation. Secondary data needed were occupational accidents data and work procedures from
the project health and safety supervisor. Based on the PSF-based risk assessment method, it was known that the type of work with the highest risk occurred in the iron reinforcement welding to steel columns or beams (from columns and beams work and concrete canopy work), with the risk value of 24 (of 24), which resulted from fall from height hazard. While the HEART method showed that the fall from height accident had the highest HEP value (4.75) among any other accidents. The main cause of the human error occurred in the project was the absence of complete written procedures for workers. Based on the analysis performed, it could be known that the company needed to improve the implementation of health and safety in the project, which could be done systematically, started from the employers, safety supervisor, and workers.

Keywords: construction, human error, PSF-based risk assessment, HEART method

[1] Amponsah-Tawiah K, Ntow MAO, Mensah J: Occupational Health and Safety Management and Turnover Intention in the Ghanaian Mining Sector. Safety and Health at Work 2016; 7: 12-17.


[2] De Felice F, Petrillo A, Carlomusto A, Ramondo A: Human Reliability Analysis: A review of the state of the art. International Journal of Research in Management & Technology 2012; 2: 35-41.


[3] Sanders MM, McCormick EJ. Human Factors in Engineering & Design, 7th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1993.


[4] Awaludin A. Kajian Human Error pada Pekerja Subkon Sektor Jasa Konstruksi pada Proyek PT. B Tahun 2008 [unpublished thesis]. Universitas Indonesia; 2008.


[5] Lardner R, Scaife R: Helping engineers to analyse and influence the human factors in accidents at work. Process Safety and Environmental Protection 2006; 84: 179- 183.


[6] Moriyama T, Ohtani H: Risk assessment tools incorporating human error probabilities in the Japanese small-sized establishment. Safety Science 2009; 47: 1379-1397.


[7] Bell J, Holroyd J. Review of human reliability assessment methods. Derbyshire: Health and Safety Laboratory; 2009.


[8] Kirwan B: The validation of three Human Reliability Quantification techniques – THERP, HEART, and JHEDI: Part 1 – Technique descriptions and validation issues. Applied Ergonomics 1996; 27: 359-373.


[9] Koradecka D. Handbook of Occupational Safety and Health. Boca Raton: CRC Press; 2010.


[10] Kirwan B: The validation of three Human Reliability Quantification techniques – THERP, HEART and JHEDI: Part III - Practical aspects of the usage of the techniques. Applied Ergonomics 1997; 28: 27-39.


[11] Reason J. Human Error. New York: Cambridge University Press; 1990.


[12] Zaira MM, Hadikusumo BHW: Structural equation model of integrated safety intervention practices affecting the safety behaviour of workers in the construction industry. Safety Science 2017; 98: 124-135.


[13] Nadhim EA, Hon C, Xia B, Stewart I, Fang D: Falls from Height in the Construction Industry: A Critical Review of the Scientific Literature. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2016; 13.


[14] Sorock GS, Smith EO, Goldoft M: Fatal occupational injuries in the New Jersey construction industry, 1983-1989. Journal of Occupational Medicine 1993; 35: 916- 921.


[15] Zhang M, Fang D: A cognitive analysis of why Chinese scaffolders do not use safety harnesses in construction. Construction Management and Economics 2013; 31(3): 207-222.


[16] Hanapi NM, Kamal MMM, Ismail MI, Abdullah IAK: Identifying Root Causes and Mitigation Measures of Construction Fall Accidents, Gading Business and Management Journal 2013; 17(1): 65-79.


[17] Chi C, Lin S, Dewi RS: Graphical fault tree analysis for fatal falls in the construction industry. Accident Analysis and Prevention 2014; 72: 359-369.


[18] Kirwan B. A Guide to Practical Human Reliability Assessment. London: CRC Press; 1994.


[19] Fass S, Yousef R, Liginlal D, Vyas P: Understanding causes of fall and struckby incidents: What differentiates construction safety in the Arabian Gulf region?. Applied Ergonomics 2017; 58: 515-526.


[20] Teo EAL, Ling FYY: Developing a model to measure the effectiveness of safety management systems of construction sites. Building and Environment 2006; 41: 1584-1592.


[21] Shakioye SO, Haight JM: Modeling using dynamic variables–an approach for the design of loss prevention programs. Safety Science 2010; 48(1): 46-53.


[22] Rowlinson S. Construction Safety Management Systems. New York: Spon Press (Taylor and Francis Inc.); 2004.