Published date: Oct 04 2024

Journal Title: KnE Life Sciences

Issue title: 4th International Conference in Social Science (4th ICONISS): Healthcare

Pages: 188–195

DOI: 10.18502/kls.v8i2.17371

Endry Septiadiendry.septiadi@lecture.unjani.ac.idDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jenderal Achmad Yani, Cimahi

Henny JuliastutiDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jenderal Achmad Yani, Cimahi

Iis Inayati RakhmatDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jenderal Achmad Yani, Cimahi

Dewi Ratih HandayaniDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jenderal Achmad Yani, Cimahi

Muhammad Haekal AfdhalahGeneral Medicine Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jenderal Achmad Yani, Cimahi

Muhammad Naufal RamadhanGeneral Medicine Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jenderal Achmad Yani, Cimahi

Fadli Nurul HanifGeneral Medicine Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jenderal Achmad Yani, Cimahi

Excessive and unhealthy fat storage is known as obesity. Both monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids are highly encouraged in the Mediterranean diet. Obese patients at a Bandung clinic were studied to examine how the Mediterranean diet affects their BMI, waist size, fat percentage, and visceral fat. Analytical observational methods utilizing prospective cohort observations were employed. A systematic random sample technique was used to carry out the sampling. Participants were 34 overweight individuals who had twelve monthly food pattern assessments and two monthly examinations for body mass index (BMI), waist size, fat percentage, and visceral fat. To compare proportions between the rMED adherence groups and to look for differences in the composition of the Mediterranean diet on BMI, waist circumference, fat content, and visceral fat, we used the ANOVA test and Tuckey’s post-hoc test. In addition, the eight tenets of the Mediterranean diet were assessed using linear regression. The average age of the obese patients who followed the Mediterranean diet was 57.54 years, and 79.41% of them were female. It was found that the components of vegetables, fruits, nuts, seafood, and dairy products had a substantial impact on the body mass index of the participants, while the components of vegetables, fruits, nuts, legumes, seeds, meat, fish, olive oil, and dairy products did not have a significant impact on the waist circumference, fat content, or visceral fat.

Keywords: body mass index, fat content Mediterranean diet composition, obesity, visceral fat, waist circumference

[1] Obesity and overweight. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesityand- overweight, last accessed 2022/06/21.

[2] Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Laporan Provinsi Jawa Barat, Riskesdas 2018. Jakarta: Lembaga Penerbit Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan; 2019, pp. 140– 151.

[3] Vegan diets boost weight loss, lower blood sugar in adults with overweight or type 2 diabetes (EASO Homepage), https://easo.org/vegan-diets-boost-weightloss- lower-blood-sugar-in-adults-with-overweight-or-type-2-diabetes/, last accessed 2022/06/21.

[4] Mediterranean Diet (Oldways Homepage). https://oldwayspt.org/traditionaldiets/ mediterranean-diet, last accessed 2022/07/24.

[5] Davis C, Bryan J, Hodgson J, Murphy K. Definition of the mediterranean diet: A literature review. Nutrients. 2015 Nov;7(11):9139–53.

[6] Carlos S, De La Fuente-Arrillaga C, Bes-Rastrollo M, Razquin C, Rico-Campà A, Martínez-González MA, et al. Mediterranean diet and health outcomes in the SUN cohort. Nutrients. 2018 Mar;10(4):439.

[7] Ozato N, Saito S, Yamaguchi T, Katashima M, Tokuda I, Sawada K, et al. Association between nutrients and visceral fat in healthy Japanese adults: a 2-year longitudinal study brief title: micronutrients associated with visceral fat accumulation. Nutrients. 2019 Nov;11(11):2698.

[8] Batsis JA, Zagaria AB. Addressing Obesity in Aging Patients. Med Clin North Am. 2018 Jan;102(1):65–85.

[9] Jura M, Kozak LP. Obesity and related consequences to ageing. Age (Dordr). 2016 Feb;38(1):23.

[10] Arner P, Rydén M. Human white adipose tissue: A highly dynamic metabolic organ. J Intern Med. 2022 May;291(5):611–21.

[11] Hodson L, Banerjee R, Rial B, Arlt W, Adiels M, Boren J, et al. Menopausal status and abdominal obesity are significant determinants of hepatic lipid metabolism in women. J Am Heart Assoc. 2015 Oct;4(10):e002258.

[12] Schwingshackl L, Hoffmann G, Kalle-Uhlmann T, Arregui M, Buijsse B, Boeing H. Fruit and vegetable consumption and changes in anthropometric variables in adult populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. PLoS One. 2015 Oct;10(10):e0140846.

[13] Ruhee RT. Dietary fiber and its effect on obesity: A review article. Adv. Med. Res. 2018;01(01). https://doi.org/10.35248/2564-8942.2018.1.2.

[14] Cory H, Passarelli S, Szeto J, Tamez M, Mattei J. The Role of Polyphenols in Human Health and Food Systems: A Mini-Review. Front Nutr. 2018 Sep;5(September):87.

[15] Sherwood L. Introduction to human physiology. San Francisco (CA): Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning; 2013.

[16] A convenient way to increase legume intake (AOCS Homepage), https://www.aocs.org/stay-informed/inform-magazine/featured-articles/aconvenient- way-to-increase-legume-intake-february-2009?SSO=True, last accessed 2023/01/16.

[17] D’Alessandro A, Lampignano L, De Pergola G. Mediterranean diet pyramid: A proposal for Italian people. a systematic review of prospective studies to derive serving sizes. Nutrients. 2019 Jun;11(6):1296.

[18] Vergnaud AC, Norat T, Romaguera D, Mouw T, May AM, Travier N, et al. Meat consumption and prospective weight change in participants of the EPIC-PANACEA study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010 Aug;92(2):398–407.

[19] Khodayari S, Sadeghi O, Safabakhsh M, Mozaffari-Khosravi H. Mozaffari- Khosravi H. Meat consumption and the risk of general and central obesity: the Shahedieh study. BMC Res Notes. 2022;15(1):1–9.

[20] Albracht-Schulte K, Kalupahana NS, Ramalingam L, Wang S, Rahman SM, Robert- McComb J, et al. Omega-3 fatty acids in obesity and metabolic syndrome: a mechanistic update. J Nutr Biochem. 2018 Aug;58:1–16.

[21] Jakobsen MU, Dethlefsen C, Due KM, May AM, Romaguera D, Vergnaud AC, et al. Fish consumption and subsequent change in body weight in European women and men. Br J Nutr. 2013 Jan;109(2):353–62.

[22] Soriguer F, Almaraz MC, Ruiz-de-Adana MS, Esteva I, Linares F, García-Almeida JM, et al. Incidence of obesity is lower in persons who consume olive oil. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2009 Nov;63(11):1371–4.

[23] Naughton SS, Mathai ML, Hryciw DH, McAinch AJ. Linoleic acid and the pathogenesis of obesity. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 2016 Sep;125:90–9.

[24] Zhang F, Ye J, Zhu X, Wang L, Gao P, Shu G, et al. Anti-obesity effects of dietary calcium: the evidence and possible mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Jun;20(12):3072.

[25] Moon J, Koh G. Clinical evidence and mechanisms of high- protein diet-induced weight loss. J Obes Metab Syndr. 2020 Sep;29(3):166–73.