Antagonistic Activity of Cellulase-Producing Yeasts Isolated from Cocoa Fermentation Against Pathogenic Molds Collected from Damaged Cocoa Fruits
Authors:
Dalia SukmawatiEmail: dalia-Sukmawati@unj.ac.id
Affiliation: Biology Department, Laboratory of Microbiology, 9th Floor Hasyim Ashari Building, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
Biography:
Alika FirhandiniEmail: N/A
Affiliation: Biology Department, Laboratory of Microbiology, 9th Floor Hasyim Ashari Building, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
Biography:
Umi KhumaiyaEmail: N/A
Affiliation: Biology Department, Laboratory of Microbiology, 9th Floor Hasyim Ashari Building, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
Biography:
Dwi Ayu KomsiatunEmail: N/A
Affiliation: Biology Department, Laboratory of Microbiology, 9th Floor Hasyim Ashari Building, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
Biography:
Syifa Aulia GunadiEmail: N/A
Affiliation: Biology Department, Laboratory of Microbiology, 9th Floor Hasyim Ashari Building, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
Biography:
Atin SupiyaniEmail: N/A
Affiliation: Biology Department, Laboratory of Microbiology, 9th Floor Hasyim Ashari Building, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
Biography:
Dwi Ningsih SusilowatiEmail: N/A
Affiliation: Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian, Indonesia Jl. Tentara Pelajar No. 3A, Bogor 16111, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
Biography:
Shabrina Nida Al HusnaEmail: N/A
Affiliation: Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
Biography:
Hesham El EnshasyEmail: N/A
Affiliation: Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
Biography:
Daniel Joe DailinEmail: N/A
Affiliation: Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
Biography:
Catur SriherwantoEmail: N/A
Affiliation: Centre for Applied Microbiology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Science and Technology Park, Banten, Indonesia
Biography:
Dalia Sukmawati - dalia-Sukmawati@unj.ac.id - https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9641-9321
Alika Firhandini
Umi Khumaiya
Dwi Ayu Komsiatun
Syifa Aulia Gunadi
Atin Supiyani
Dwi Ningsih Susilowati
Shabrina Nida Al Husna
Hesham El Enshasy
Daniel Joe Dailin
Catur Sriherwanto
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Abstract:
The presence of pathogenic molds in post-harvested cocoa beans poses a significant problem to most Indonesian farmers. Pathogenic molds secrete phytopathogenic toxins which cause rotting, seriously damaging the cocoa fruits. The common pathogenic molds found in damaged cocoa beans are Phytophthora palmivora and Phytophthora megakarya. These molds are so far controlled by using chemical pesticides, whose long-term use is potentially harmful to human health and the environment. Thus, a healthier and safer alternative is needed, especially using biological agents such as yeasts. Some yeasts produce cellulose-degrading enzymes that can possibly break down the fungal cell wall which is composed mostly of the polysaccharide’s chitin and glucan. In this study, yeasts were isolated during the cocoa fermentation process, followed by screening for cellulolytic activity using direct planting and paste method, and subsequent antagonistic testing by double culture technique. Out of 128 yeast isolates, 77 possessed cellulase activity, with 6 of them having the highest activity index. Antagonistic activity test of these 6 isolates (C1.0.4, C1.1.3, C2.3.10, C2.3.14, C3.5.11, and C3.3.1) against the pathogenic molds resulted in isolate C3.3.1 showing the highest inhibition percentage from the 2
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