Published date: Dec 03 2017

Journal Title: KnE Life Sciences

Issue title: The Veterinary Medicine International Conference (VMIC)

Pages: 696-602

DOI: 10.18502/kls.v3i6.1187

Lucia Tri SuwantiVeterinary Parasitology Department of Veterinary Medicine Faculty Surabaya, 60115

Mufasirin MufasirinVeterinary Parasitology Department of Veterinary Medicine Faculty Surabaya, 60115

Hani PlumeriastutiVeterinary Pathology Department of Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Surabaya, 60115

Erma SafitriVeterinary Reproduction Department of Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Surabaya, 60115

This research is designed to observe the teratogenic effect of Toxoplasma gondii infection in chick embryos, based on the number of somites, embryo length and the development of embryonic brain vesicles. Methods in the research: Chicken eggs were infected with 1 x 10³ tachyzoites of T. gondii. The eggs were incubated in eggs hatching box. Observation of somite performed on embryonated eggs 24 hours after incubation and the embryonic development of vesicles performed 72 hours after incubation then the length of each embryo were measured. Results: Revealed that there was a significant difference in the number of somites (p < 0.1), T. gondii infection reduced the number of somites. While in the number of brain vesicles in 3 - days old chicken embryos, although there was no significant difference, the size declining emerged. The length of the embryos both at 24 or 72 hours old showed that T. gondii infection reduced the length (p < 0.1). Conclusions: T. gondii infection influences the development of chicken embryos in the declining of length and the decreasing of somite embryo number.

Keywords: IGF-I crossbreed mare serum pregnant; Follicle; Mus musculus

[1]
Astrid M. Tentera, Anja R. Heckerotha, and Louis M. Weissb. Toxoplasma gondii: from animals to humans. Int J Parasitol. 2000 November; 30(12-13): 1217–1258.
[2]
Sonar S. S. and Brahmbhatt M.N. Toxoplasmosis: An Important Protozoan Zoonosis. Veterinary World Vol.3(9):436-439
[3]
Francisco Mimica, Claudia Muñoz-Zanzi, Marisa Torres y Oslando Padilla. Toxoplasmosis, a parasitic zoonoses prevalent in Chile: count and challenges
[4]
Ahmad S, Tasawar Z. Toxoplasmosis In Four Caprine Breeds: A Future Risk Of Zoonosis. The Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences, 26(2): 2016, Page: 388-394
[5]
Karen Shapiro* John Largier, Jonna A. K. Mazet, William Bernt, John R. Ell, Ann C. Melli, Patricia A. Conrad. Surface Properties of Toxoplasma gondii Oocysts and Surrogate Microspheres. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Feb. 2009, p. 1185–1191
[6]
Emily L Lilly and Caroline D Wortham. High prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii oocyst shedding in stray and pet cats (Felis catus) in Virginia, United States. Lilly and Wortham Parasites & Vectors 2013, 6:266
[7]
Dubey JP, Hill DE, Jones JL, Hightower HW, Kirkland E, Roberts JM, Marcet PL, Lehmann T, Vianna MCB, Miska K, Sreekumar C, Kwok OCH, Shen SK, and Gamble HR. Prevalence Of Viable Toxoplasma Gondii In Beef, Chicken, And Pork From Retail Meat Stores In The United States: Risk Assessment To Consumers. Journal of Parasitology. Oct 2005 : Vol. 91, Issue 5, pg(s) 1082- 1093.
[8]
Berger-Schocha E, Herrmann DC, Schares G, Müller N, Bernet D, Gottsteina B, Freya CF. Prevalence and genotypes of Toxoplasma gondii in feline faeces (oocysts) and meat from sheep, cattle and pigs in Switzerland. d. Vet. Parasitol. 2010(6): 1-8.
[9]
Hill D, Dubey JP. Toxoplasma gondii: transmission, diagnosis and prevention. Clin Microbiol Infect 2002; 8: 634–640
[10]
Dubey JP, Lindsay DS, and Speer CA. Structures of Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites, bradyzoites, and sporozoites and biology and development of tissue cysts. J CMR 1998; 11(2): 267-299
[11]
Weissmann J.. Presumtive Toxoplasma gondii abortion in sheep. J Can Vet 2003; 44(4): 322-324
[12]
Dubey JP and Jones JL. Toxoplasma gondii infection in human and animals in the United States.Internas. J. Parasitol.. 2010; 38:1257-1278.
[13]
Duncanson P, Terry RS, Smith JE, and Hide G, High levels of congenital transmission of Toxoplasma gondii in a commercial sheep flock. Int J Parasitol. 2001; 31(14):1699-703
[14]
Rahdar M, Samarbaf-Zadeh AR, Arab L. Evaluating the Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in Meat and Meat Products in Ahvaz by PCR Method. Jundishapur J Microbiol. 2012;5(4):570-573.
[15]
Mufasirin, Suprihati E dan Suwanti LT. Studi Toxoplasmosis pada Telur Ayam Buras Yang Dijual Sebagai Campuran Jamu di Kota Surabaya dan kabopaten Sidoarjo Menggunakan Uji Dot Blot. J. Penelit. Med Eksakta. 2003; 4:113-119.
[16]
Mufasirin dan Suwanti LT. Deteksi Toxoplasma gondii Pada Telur Ayam Buras Yang Dijual Sebagai Campuran Jamu Di Kota Surabaya Menggunakan Uji Biologis. Media Kedokteran Hewan. 2008 24(1); 5-9
[17]
Suwanti LT. Weight Reduction of Fetuses of Toxoplasma gondii-infected Mice. Proceeding International Conference “Animal Health and Human Safety” UPM Malaysia. 2009, pp 197-200
[18]
Que, XC, Wuderlich A, Joiner KA, and Reed SL. Toxopain-1 is Critical for Infection in a Novel Chicken Embryo Model of Congenital Toxoplasmosis. IAI. 2004; 72(5):2915-2921
[19]
Furuta PI, Mineo TWP, Carrasco AOT, Godoy GS, Pinto AA, Machado RZ. Neospora caninum infection in birds: experimental infections in chicken and embryonated eggs. Parasitology (2007), 134, 1931–1939
[20]
Luqman, EM, Soenardihardjo BP, dan Mahaputra L. Peranann Choline Esterase (ChE) pada Pembentukan Vesikel Otak Embrio Ayam yang Terpapar Insektisida Karbofuran. Media Kedokteran Hewan. 2007; 23(3):145-150