Published date: Aug 27 2019

Journal Title: Arab Journal of Nutrition and Exercise

Issue title: AJNE: Vol 4, No 2 (2019)

Pages:

DOI: 10.18502/ajne.v4i2.5161

Haleama Al Sabbahhaleemah.alsabah@zu.ac.aeHealth Sciences Department, Zayed University, Dubai, UAE

Moaza Alketbi201307406@zu.ac.aeHealth Sciences Department, Zayed University, Dubai, UAE

Rania Dghaimrania.dghaim@zu.ac.aeHealth Sciences Department, Zayed University, Dubai, UAE

Background: Diabetes complications have been increasingly prevalent among type 2 diabetics during the past decades causing high rates of morbidity and mortality. Measures of the prevalence of diabetes complications will lead to preventive decisions and planning of health care. The main objective of this study was to assess the prevalence rates of complications in Type 2 diabetics in two Diabetes Centers in Dubai.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive analytical study conducted among type 2 diabetics attending diabetes centers in Dubai. Data was collected form secondary source using patients' records from two diabetes centers involved in the study. Random sampling technique was used to collect 150 patients proportionally allocated according to the total patients (4700 attending patients) available in the two diabetes centers. Data obtained was analyzed using SPSS v.22. Descriptive statistics were calculated (mean, standard deviation, and percentages). Chi-square test was used to compare frequencies between groups. The significance level was set at 0.05.

Results: The study showed that the most dominant prevalence type of complications were: Hyperlipidemia (84%), Neuropathy (34%), Dyslipidemia (32%), Retinopathy (28%), Lethargy (21.3%), and Nephropathy (16.7%). The associations made between three variables each separately (Date of First Visit, HbA₁c, and Fasting Blood Glucose) with the prevalence type of complications, showed significant differences in some types: Dyslipidemia, Hyperlipidemia, Neuropathy, Retinopathy, and Joint & Bone pain. 

Conclusions: There is a reasonable correlation between different variables and the prevalence of complications among the diabetic population, thus studies should always follow up on this issue in order to have clear associations to prevent complications from occurring in the first place.

Ab Hamid, M. R., Sami, W., Ansari, T., & Butt, N. S. (2016). Type 2 diabetes mellitus: Link between diet, HbA1c and complications. Australasian Medical Journal, 9(9), 346-356. doi:10.4066/AMJ.2016.2708

Ahmed, A. A. (2017). What can quality improvement add to diabetes care?. Middle East Journal Of Family Medicine, 15(1), 23-31.

Al Amiri E, Abdullatif M, Abdulle A, et al (2015). The prevalence, risk factors, and screening measure for prediabetes and diabetes among Emirati overweight/obese children and adolescents. BMC Public Health; 15:1.

American Diabetes Association. (2010). Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care, 33(1). DOI: 10.2337/dc10-S062

American Diabetes Association. (2014). Standards of medical care in diabetes—2016. Diabetes Care, 39(1). DOI: 10.2337/dc16-S017

Alsafar, H., Jama-Alol, K., Hassoun, A., & Tay, G. (2012). The prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the United Arab Emirates: justification for the establishment of the Emirates Family Registry. International Journal Of Diabetes In Developing Countries, 32(1), 25-32. doi:10.1007/s13410-012-0062-6

Alsamghan, A. S., Al-Saleem, S. A., Alshibli, M. A., & Al-Musa, H. M. (2016). Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy among Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Abha City, Saudi Arabia. Middle East Journal Of Family Medicine, 14(6), 21-28.

AlShaali, A., & Jaziri, A. A. (2015). Health profile of elderly patients registered in the Elderly Home Based Primary Care, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Middle East Journal Of Age & Ageing, 12(1), 13-19.

Craig, M. E., Jefferies, C., Dabelea, D., Balde, N., Seth, A., & Donaghue, K. C. (2014). Definition, epidemiology, and classification of diabetes in children and adolescents. Pediatric Diabetes, 154-17. doi:10.1111/pedi.12186

Food and Drug Administration. (2015). Investigations Operations Manual: Blood Serum Chemistry - Normal Values. Retrieved April 30, 2017 from https://www.fda.gov/downloads/ICECI/Inspections/IOM/UCM135835.pdf

Gavan, N. A., Veresiu, I. A., Vinik, E. J., Vinik, A. I., Florea, B., & Bondor, C. I. (2016). Delay between Onset of Symptoms and Seeking Physician Intervention Increases Risk of Diabetic Foot Complications: Results of a Cross-Sectional Population-Based Survey. Journal Of Diabetes Research, 1-9. doi:10.1155/2016/1567405

Herbert F Jelinek, Wael M Osman, Ahsan H Khandoker, Kinda Khalaf, Sungmun Lee, Wael Almahmeed, Habiba S Alsafar (2017). Clinical profiles, comorbidities and complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients from United Arab Emirates, BMJ Open Diabetes Research and Care, 2017, 5: e000527 doi: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2017-000427

Hira Abdul Razzak, Alya Harbi, Wael Shelpai, Ahmad Qawas (2017). Epidemiology of Diabetes Mellitus in the United Arab Emirates, Current Diabetes Reviews, Vol. 13 , 2017 DOI : 10.2174/1573399813666170920152913

Jambart , S., Ammache, Z., Haddad, F, Younes, A., Hassoun, A., Abdalla, K., Abou Selwan, C., Sunna, N., Wajsbort, D., & Yousief, D. (2011). Prevalence of Painful Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in the Middle East Region. The Journal of International Medical Research, 39(2), 366-377.

Jayadevan Sreedharan, Jayakumary Muttappallymyalil, Shatha al Sharbatti, Sana Hassoun, Rawda Safadi, Iehab Abderahman, Wathib Abdulsamad Hameed, Abdul Mohsen Ibrahim, Mohamed Tahir Takana, Ahmad Mohammad

Fouda (2015). Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among Emirati Residents in Ajman, United Arab Emirates, Korean Journal of Family Medicine, 2015, 36, 5, 253-257.

Khandoker, A. H., Al-Angari, H. M., Khalaf, K., Lee, S., Almahmeed, W., Al Safar, H. S., & Jelinek, H. F. (2017). Association of Diabetes-Related Complications with Heart Rate
Variability among a Diabetic Population in the UAE. Plos ONE, 12(1), 1-16. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0168584

Kulshrestha, M., Seth, S., Tripathi, A., Seth, A., & Kumar, A. (2015). Prevalence of Complications and Clinical Audit of Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Hospital Based Study. Journal Of Clinical & Diagnostic Research, 9(11), 25-28. doi:10.7860/JCDR/2015/15369.6848

Leontis, Lisa M., & Amy Hess-Fischl. (2016). "Type 2 Diabetes Causes.” EndocrineWeb. Retrieved September 26, 2016 from http://www.endocrineweb.com/conditions/type-2-diabetes/type-2- diabetes-causes

Molinaro, R., & Dauscher, C. (2017). Complications resulting from uncontrolled diabetes. MLO: Medical Laboratory Observer, 49(2), 20-22.

Othman, Z. J., Hussein, H., Al Faisal, W., & Wasfy, A. (2015). Characteristics of Care Provided to Patients with diabetes Mellitus Attending Primary Health Care Services at Dubai Health Authority. Quality In Primary Care, 23(3), 174-178.

Sharma, N., Kumar Sharma, S., Maheshwari, V. D., Kumar Sharma, K., & Gupta, R. (2015). Association of low educational status with microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: Jaipur diabetes registry-1. Indian Journal Of Endocrinology & Metabolism, 19(5), 667-672. doi:10.4103/2230-8210.163206

Szabo, S. M., Osenenko, K. M., Qatami, L., Korenblat Donato, B. M., Korol, E. E., Al Madani, A. A., & ... Levy, A. R. (2015). Quality of Care for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Dubai: A HEDIS-Like Assessment. International Journal Of Endocrinology, 20151-8. doi:10.1155/2015/413276

Tracey, M. L., McHugh, S. M., Fitzgerald, A. P., Buckley, C. M., Canavan, R. J., & Kearney, P. M. (2016). Risk Factors for Macro- and Microvascular Complications among Older Adults with Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes: Findings from
The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing. Journal Of Diabetes Research, 1-9. doi:10.1155/2016/5975903

World Health Organization. (2016). Diabetes. Retrieved April 26, 2017 from http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs312/en/